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  2. Nikon Instruments - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikon_Instruments

    Nikon launched the Optiphot and Labophot microscopes in the 1970's and established the CF Optical system. In the 1980's, they released 80 new products, including the inverted Diaphot microscope, which was used in IVF techniques. The introduction of the Eclipse range of infinity optics in the 1990's was a departure from traditional microscope ...

  3. Inverted microscope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverted_microscope

    Inverted microscopes are useful for observing living cells or organisms at the bottom of a large container (e.g., a tissue culture flask) under more natural conditions than on a glass slide, as is the case with a conventional microscope. An inverted microscope is also used for visualisation of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria in the ...

  4. Dark-field microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark-field_microscopy

    Diagram illustrating the light path through a dark-field microscope. The steps are illustrated in the figure where an inverted microscope is used. Light enters the microscope for illumination of the sample. A specially sized disc, the patch stop (see figure), blocks some light from the light source, leaving an outer ring of illumination. A wide ...

  5. Phase-contrast microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-contrast_microscopy

    Dark field and phase contrast microscopies operating principle. The basic principle to make phase changes visible in phase-contrast microscopy is to separate the illuminating (background) light from the specimen-scattered light (which makes up the foreground details) and to manipulate these differently.

  6. Nikon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikon

    Nikon's products include cameras, camera lenses, binoculars, microscopes, ophthalmic lenses, measurement instruments, rifle scopes, spotting scopes, and equipment related to semiconductor fabrication, such as steppers used in the photolithography steps of such manufacturing. Nikon is the world's second largest manufacturer of such equipment. [3]

  7. Condenser (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condenser_(optics)

    A condenser between the stage and mirror of a vintage microscope. Condensers are located above the light source and under the sample in an upright microscope, and above the stage and below the light source in an inverted microscope. They act to gather light from the microscope's light source and concentrate it into a cone of light that ...

  8. Differential interference contrast microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_interference...

    Micrasterias furcata imaged in transmitted DIC microscopy Laser-induced optical damage in LiNbO 3 under 150× Nomarski microscopy. Differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy, also known as Nomarski interference contrast (NIC) or Nomarski microscopy, is an optical microscopy technique used to enhance the contrast in unstained, transparent samples.

  9. Total internal reflection fluorescence microscope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_internal_reflection...

    A total internal reflection fluorescence microscope (TIRFM) is a type of microscope with which a thin region of a specimen, usually less than 200 nanometers can be observed. TIRFM is an imaging modality which uses the excitation of fluorescent cells in a thin optical specimen section that is supported on a glass slide.