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Unlike a linear scale where each unit of distance corresponds to the same increment, on a logarithmic scale each unit of length is a multiple of some base value raised to a power, and corresponds to the multiplication of the previous value in the scale by the base value. In common use, logarithmic scales are in base 10 (unless otherwise specified).
Fold change. Fold change is a measure describing how much a quantity changes between an original and a subsequent measurement. It is defined as the ratio between the two quantities; for quantities A and B the fold change of B with respect to A is B / A. In other words, a change from 30 to 60 is defined as a fold-change of 2.
e. In mathematics, the logarithm to base b is the inverse function of exponentiation with base b. That means that the logarithm of a number x to the base b is the exponent to which b must be raised to produce x. For example, since 1000 = 103, the logarithm base of 1000 is 3, or log10 (1000) = 3.
If p is a probability, then p/(1 − p) is the corresponding odds; the logit of the probability is the logarithm of the odds, i.e.: = = = = (). The base of the logarithm function used is of little importance in the present article, as long as it is greater than 1, but the natural logarithm with base e is the one most often used.
Decade (log scale) Four powers of 10 spanning a range of three decades: 1, 10, 100, 1000 (10 0, 10 1, 10 2, 10 3) Four grids spanning three decades of resolution: One thousand 0.001s, one-hundred 0.01s, ten 0.1s, one 1. One decade (symbol dec[1]) is a unit for measuring ratios on a logarithmic scale, with one decade corresponding to a ratio of ...
A. 1685. Graph of the equation y = 1/x. Here, e is the unique number larger than 1 that makes the shaded area under the curve equal to 1. The number e is a mathematical constant approximately equal to 2.71828 that is the base of the natural logarithm and exponential function.
Digital root. The digital root (also repeated digital sum) of a natural number in a given radix is the (single digit) value obtained by an iterative process of summing digits, on each iteration using the result from the previous iteration to compute a digit sum. The process continues until a single-digit number is reached.
t. e. In computing, floating-point arithmetic (FP) is arithmetic that represents subsets of real numbers using an integer with a fixed precision, called the significand, scaled by an integer exponent of a fixed base. Numbers of this form are called floating-point numbers. [1]: 3 [2]: 10 For example, 12.345 is a floating-point number in base ten ...