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  2. Newton's laws of motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_laws_of_motion

    The forces acting on a body add as vectors, and so the total force on a body depends upon both the magnitudes and the directions of the individual forces. [23]: 58 When the net force on a body is equal to zero, then by Newton's second law, the body does not accelerate, and it is said to be in mechanical equilibrium.

  3. Reaction (physics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaction_(physics)

    The case of any number of forces acting on the same object is covered by considering the sum of all forces. A possible cause of this problem is that the third law is often stated in an abbreviated form: For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction, [8] without the details, namely that these forces act on two different objects ...

  4. Reactive centrifugal force - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactive_centrifugal_force

    In a two-body rotation, such as a planet and moon rotating about their common center of mass or barycentre, the forces on both bodies are centripetal. In that case, the reaction to the centripetal force of the planet on the moon is the centripetal force of the moon on the planet. [6]

  5. Contact force - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contact_force

    The microscopic origin of contact forces is diverse. Normal force is directly a result of Pauli exclusion principle and not a true force per se: Everyday objects do not actually touch each other; rather, contact forces are the result of the interactions of the electrons at or near the surfaces of the objects. [1]

  6. Action at a distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_at_a_distance

    Action at a distance is the concept in physics that an object's motion can be affected by another object without the two being in physical contact; that is, it is the concept of the non-local interaction of objects that are separated in space. Coulomb's law and Newton's law of universal gravitation are based on action at a distance.

  7. Action (physics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_(physics)

    In physics, action is a scalar quantity that describes how the balance of kinetic versus potential energy of a physical system changes with trajectory. Action is significant because it is an input to the principle of stationary action, an approach to classical mechanics that is simpler for multiple objects. [1]

  8. Collision response - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collision_response

    The compression and expansion phases of a collision between two solid bodies. Two rigid bodies in unconstrained motion, potentially under the action of forces, may be modelled by solving their equations of motion using numerical integration techniques. On collision, the kinetic properties of two such bodies seem to undergo an instantaneous ...

  9. Exchange interaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exchange_interaction

    Taking a hydrogen molecule-like system (i.e. one with two electrons), one may attempt to model the state of each electron by first assuming the electrons behave independently (that is, as if the Pauli exclusion principle did not apply), and taking wave functions in position space of () for the first electron and () for the second electron.