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Because of its antiandrogenic activity, spironolactone can cause breast tenderness, gynecomastia (breast development), feminization in general, and demasculinization, as well as sexual dysfunction including loss of libido and erectile dysfunction, although these side effects are usually confined to high doses of spironolactone. [109]
Common adverse effects elicited by these drugs include hot flushes, bone loss, headache, unpredictable mood changes, depression, vaginal dryness, or even atrophy for females and penile atrophy for males. [34] These adverse effects can be counteracted and treated by add-back therapy, also known as hormone replacement therapy.
[28] [16] In addition, the AR antagonism of spironolactone is involved in its feminizing side effects, such as gynecomastia in men. [28] Spironolactone has been found to produce gynecomastia without changes in testosterone or estradiol levels, implicating AR antagonism in this side effect. [30] Gynecomastia is a major known side effect of AR ...
I was curious about the effects—if any—GLP-1 drugs have on sexual health, so I tapped Craig Primack, MD, the SVP of Weight Loss at Hims and Hers and a specialist in obesity medicine, to learn ...
Hyperandrogenism is a medical condition characterized by high levels of androgens.It is more common in women than men. [4] Symptoms of hyperandrogenism may include acne, seborrhea, hair loss on the scalp, increased body or facial hair, and infrequent or absent menstruation.
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Insufficient or low levels of testosterone in the body can affect the proper functioning of the male reproductive structures and thus lead to decreased secretions or hypospermia. Long-term exposure to drugs with anti-androgen properties (e.g. spironolactone) can also lead to infertility or low volume of semen. [2]
Many drugs can cause loss of libido as a side effect. [12] Since a partial cause of the refractory period is the inhibition of dopamine by an orgasm-induced secretion of prolactin, [13] such potent dopamine receptor agonists as cabergoline may help achieve multiple orgasms as well as the retention of sexual arousal for longer periods of time. [13]