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Phacoemulsification is a cataract surgery method in which the internal lens of the eye which has developed a cataract is emulsified with the tip of an ultrasonic handpiece and aspirated from the eye. Aspirated fluids are replaced with irrigation of balanced salt solution to maintain the volume of the anterior chamber during the procedure.
Ophthalmic viscosurgical devices (OVDs), which were introduced in 1972, facilitate the procedure and improve overall safety, particularly of phacoemulsification, by maintaining the shape of the eye at reduced pressure, and protecting the internal tissues of the eye without interfering with the operation.
The pressure in the eye can be maintained at the desired level by using an anterior chamber maintainer, or may be allowed to drop to ambient atmospheric pressure. Larger well-structured tunnels and larger capsulorhexis are acceptable to allow better control of the surgery.
Retention under positive pressure in the eye; Retention during phacoemulsification; Does not interfere with use of instruments or placement of the IOL. Protects the endothelium; Nontoxic, sterile, and does not affect intraocular pressure; Does not obstruct aqueous outflow; Optically clear, allowing an unobstructed view.
Phacoemulsification typically comprises six steps: [citation needed] Anaesthetic – The eye is numbed with either a subtenon injection around the eye (see: retrobulbar block) or topical anesthetic eye drops. The former also provides paralysis of the eye muscles.
used to determine the intraoccular pressure (IOP) - useful in glaucoma; video link for various types of tonometers. Speculum: to keep the eyes open during any operation Universal eye speculum-do-; heavy instrument and can not keep eyelashes out of the operating field •Guarded eye speculum (left and right)
Today's NYT Connections puzzle for Wednesday, February 19, 2025The New York Times
An OVD is a viscoelastic solution, a gel-like substance used to maintain the shape of the eye at reduced pressure as well as to protect the inside structure and tissues of the eye without interfering with the operation. [1] In 1980, D.M. Colvard made the cataract incision in the sclera, which limited induced astigmatism. [9]
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