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Brachydactyly (from Greek βραχύς (brachus) 'short' and δάκτυλος (daktulos) 'finger') is a medical term denoting the presence of abnormally short digits (fingers or toes) at birth. The shortness is relative to the length of other long bones and other parts of the body. Brachydactyly is an inherited, dominant trait.
Medical genetics Symbrachydactyly is a congenital abnormality, characterized by limb anomalies consisting of brachydactyly , cutaneous syndactyly and global hypoplasia of the hand or foot. [ 1 ] In many cases, bones will be missing from the fingers and some fingers or toes may be missing altogether.
Brachydactyly type D in both hands of an adolescent male. Brachydactyly type D is a skeletal condition which exhibits a 'partial fusion or premature closing of the epiphysis with the distal phalanx of the thumb', according to Goodman et alia (1965). [6]
Subsequently, de Lange described the malformations of the limbs, “Small, chubby hands and feet, short fingers of both hands and feet, little finger curved towards the ring finger. Thumb and ball of the thumb in a position more proximal than usual, thus gave the hand a certain resemblance to the foot of the orang and the chimpanzee.”.
Sometimes hands or fingers will be present but limp due to having no bones or being loosely attached. Legs and feet are also affected similarly to the arms and hands. Individuals with phocomelia will often lack thigh bones, and the hands or feet may be abnormally small or appear as stumps due to their close "attachment to the body". [5]
Micrographia is an acquired disorder characterized by abnormally small, cramped handwriting. [1] It is commonly associated with neurodegenerative disorders of the basal ganglia, such as in Parkinson's disease, but it has also been ascribed to subcortical focal lesions. [2]
These characteristics do not cause any problems to the function of the hands or feet, and thus, no medical procedure is required to fix the abnormalities, unless the patient requests it. Webbing of the fingers may affect the base of the fingers, resulting in delayed hand growth during childhood, but this contributes no functional impairments.
The word "pinkie" is derived from the Dutch word pink, meaning "little finger".. The earliest recorded use of the term "pinkie" is from Scotland in 1808. [1] The term (sometimes spelled "pinky") is common in Scottish English [2] and American English, [3] and is also used extensively in other Commonwealth countries such as New Zealand, Canada, and Australia.