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Djoko Susanto, born Kwok Kwie Fo (Chinese: 郭貴和; pinyin: Guō Guì Hé; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kueh Kùi Hām; born 9 February 1950) is an Indonesian entrepreneur, successful businessman and well known as a new billionaire of Indonesia since 2011.
Social exchange theory is a sociological and psychological theory that studies the social behavior in the interaction of two parties that implement a cost-benefit analysis to determine risks and benefits. The theory also involves economic relationships—the cost-benefit analysis occurs when each party has goods that the other parties value. [1]
PT Sumber Alfaria Trijaya Tbk or Alfamart is a primarily-franchised Indonesian convenience store chain. As of June 2023, it has over 18,000 stores in 27 provinces spread across Indonesia , with 4 million daily customers and tens of thousands of micro, small and medium-scale business partners. [ 1 ]
Cost–benefit analysis – Systematic approach to estimating the strengths and weaknesses of alternatives; Kaldor–Hicks efficiency – State leading to a Pareto-efficient outcome, concerning the compensation principle; Pareto efficiency – Weakly optimal allocation of resources
In marketing strategy, first-mover advantage (FMA) is the competitive advantage gained by the initial ("first-moving") significant occupant of a market segment.First-mover advantage enables a company or firm to establish strong brand recognition, customer loyalty, and early purchase of resources before other competitors enter the market segment.
[1] [2] One can also speak of the compensating differential for an especially desirable job, or one that provides special benefits, but in this case the differential would be negative: that is, a given worker would be willing to accept a lower wage for an especially desirable job, relative to other jobs.
The adaptive market hypothesis, as proposed by Andrew Lo, [1] is an attempt to reconcile economic theories based on the efficient market hypothesis (which implies that markets are efficient) with behavioral economics, by applying the principles of evolution to financial interactions: competition, adaptation, and natural selection. [2]
Tournament theory is the theory in personnel economics used to describe certain situations where wage differences are based not on marginal productivity but instead upon relative differences between the individuals. [1]