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Another clinical study has shown that nutcracker syndrome is a frequent finding in varicocele-affected patients and possibly, nutcracker syndrome should be routinely excluded as a possible cause of varicocele and pelvic congestion. [10] In women, the hypertension in the left gonadal vein can also cause increased pain during menses. [10]
The obstruction causes dilation of the nephron tubules and flattening of the lining of the tubules within the kidneys which in turn causes swelling of the renal calyces. [4] Hydronephrosis can either be acute or chronic. In acute hydronephrosis, full recovery of kidney function is seen.
Bright's disease is a historical classification of kidney diseases that are described in modern medicine as acute or chronic nephritis. [1] It was characterized by swelling and the presence of albumin in the urine, and was frequently accompanied by high blood pressure and heart disease.
The term focal is used as some of the glomeruli have scars, while others appear intact; the term segmental refers to the fact that only part of the glomerulus is damaged. Membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN): The inflammation of the glomerular membrane causes increased leaking in the kidney. It is not clear why this condition develops in most ...
Out of the 1,374,392 female deaths reported in the US in 2017, kidney disease was listed as the cause of death for 24,889 women and was reported as the 9th overall cause of death for women in 2017. [45] Out of the 1,439,111 male deaths reported in the US in 2017, kidney disease was not listed in the top 10 causes of death. [45]
Nephritis represents the ninth-most-common cause of death among all women in the US (and the fifth leading cause among non-Hispanic black women). [ 19 ] Worldwide, the highest rates [ clarification needed ] of nephritis are 50–55% for African or Asian descent followed by Hispanic at 43% and Caucasian at 17%.
A number of important medical conditions are caused by stones: [citation needed] Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) Can cause hydronephrosis (swollen kidneys) and kidney failure; Can predispose to pyelonephritis (kidney infections) Can progress to urolithiasis; Urolithiasis (urinary bladder stones) Can progress to bladder outlet obstruction
The term is from Greek πύελο|ς pýelo|s, "basin" + νεφρ|ός nepʰrós, "kidney" + suffix -itis suggesting "inflammation". [citation needed] A similar term is "pyelitis", which means inflammation of the renal pelvis and calyces. [39] [40] In other words, pyelitis together with nephritis is collectively known as pyelonephritis ...