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Adding the hydrogen ion to one carbon atom in the alkene creates a positive charge on the other carbon, forming a carbocation intermediate. The more substituted the carbocation, the more stable it is, due to induction and hyperconjugation. The major product of the addition reaction will be the one formed from the more stable intermediate.
[3] [4] In the presence of unpolarized alkenes, alkynes or allenes, diimide is converted into dinitrogen with reduction (net addition of dihydrogen) of the unsaturated functionality. Diimide formation is the rate-limiting step of the process, and a concerted mechanism involving cis -diimide has been proposed. [ 5 ]
In organic chemistry, an addition reaction is an organic reaction in which two or more molecules combine to form a larger molecule called the adduct. [1] [2] An addition reaction is limited to chemical compounds that have multiple bonds. Examples include a molecule with a carbon–carbon double bond (an alkene) or a triple bond (an alkyne).
In organic chemistry, the oxymercuration reaction is an electrophilic addition reaction that transforms an alkene (R 2 C=CR 2) into a neutral alcohol. In oxymercuration, the alkene reacts with mercuric acetate (AcO−Hg−OAc) in aqueous solution to yield the addition of an acetoxymercury (−HgOAc) group and a hydroxy (−OH) group across the ...
Organic reactions can be organized into several basic types. Some reactions fit into more than one category. For example, some substitution reactions follow an addition-elimination pathway. This overview isn't intended to include every single organic reaction. Rather, it is intended to cover the basic reactions.
This reaction produced the 1,6-addition product 2 in 0% yield, the 1,6-addition product 3 in approximately 99% yield, and the 1,4-addition product 4 in less than 2% yield. This particular catalyst and set of reaction conditions led to the mostly regioselective and enantioselective 1,6-Michael addition of ethyl sorbate 1 to product 3.
Samarium(II) iodide is a one-electron reductant, and typically effects reduction through a series of electron transfer and proton transfer (from protic solvent) steps. [4] [3] Reducible functional groups include: α-Functionalized carbonyl compounds; Ketones and aldehydes; Carboxylic acids (under strongly acidic or basic conditions) Organic halides
The Mukaiyama aldol addition is a Lewis acid-mediated addition of enol silanes to carbonyl (C=O) compounds. In this reaction, compounds with various organic groups can be used (see educts). [3] A basic version (R 2 = H) without the presence of chiral catalysts is shown below. Simplified overview with a stereocenter. A racemic mix of enantiomers ...