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Schmorl's nodes are fairly common, especially with minor degeneration of the aging spine, but they are also seen in younger spines. Schmorl's nodes often cause no symptoms, but may simply reflect that "wear and tear" of the spine has occurred over time; they may also reflect that bone strength was at one time somewhat compromised, perhaps due to a vitamin D deficiency although this has yet to ...
Degenerative disc disease (DDD) may trigger the pathogenesis of neurogenic claudication. [17] When intervertebral discs degenerate and change shape in DDD, the normal movements of the spine are interrupted. This results in spinal instability and more degenerative changes in spinal structures including facet joints, ligamentum flavum, and ...
722 Intervertebral disc disorders. 722.0 Displacement cervical intervertebral disc; 722.1 Lumbar disc displacement w/o myelopathy; 722.2 Degeneration of intervertebral disc site unspecified; 722.3 Schmorl's nodes; 722.4 Degenerative disc disease, cervical; 722.5 Degeneration of thoracic or lumbar intervertebral disc. 722.51 Degenerative disc ...
The anaerobic bacteria can enter the disc through the breach, causing a low virulent and slowly developing infection. Since the disc is an avascular structure, it is an ideal environment for the growth of anaerobic bacteria. Propionibacterium acnes bacteria secrete propionic acid, which can dissolve fatty bone marrow and bone.
A compression fracture is a collapse of a vertebra. It may be due to trauma or due to a weakening of the vertebra (compare with burst fracture). This weakening is seen in patients with osteoporosis or osteogenesis imperfecta, lytic lesions from metastatic or primary tumors, [1] or infection. [2]
A person may experience difficult gait or limb stiffness in the early stages of the disease. [2] Iliopsoas muscle is the first group of muscles that is affected. Lower limb weaknesses without any upper limb involvement should raise the suspicion of thoracic cord compression. [2] Finger escape sign is performed to detect the weakness of the fingers.
Degenerative disc disease causes narrowing of the spaces. [27] Facet joints break down; Facet joints may hypertrophy [28] Compression fractures of the spine, which are common in osteoporosis [29] Synovial cysts form on the facet joints causing compression of the spinal sac of nerves (thecal sac)
The facet joints are formed by the superior and inferior processes of each vertebra. The first cervical vertebra has an inferior articulating surface but, as it does not restrict lateral or posterior translation, is not always considered a proper zygoma [9] (zygoma is Greek for "yoke", i.e. something that restrains movement).
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