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World War I: Russia entered World War I in 1914, and 1915 saw continued military involvement, including the 1915 campaign in Galicia and the Brusilov Offensive. (Sources: Borzenko, M. (2015). Russian military strategy in the First World War. Routledge. & Figes, O. (1996). A people's tragedy: The Russian Revolution 1891–1924. Penguin.)
By late July 1915, 30 gas artillery batteries had been deployed to the German front lines, each equipped with several thousand gas shells. The use of gas was intended to dispose of the Russian garrison, which lacked adequate gas protection or masks. [2] The final assault plan called for multiple infantry units to advance after the gas had ...
The Great Retreat was a strategic withdrawal and evacuation on the Eastern Front of World War I in 1915. The Imperial Russian Army gave up the salient in Galicia and the Polish Congress Kingdom.
By mid-1915, the Russians had been expelled from Russian Poland, The whole campaign cost the Russians about 400,000 men, [59] however, the Germans and Austrians suffered setbacks, their attempt to break through to Lublin was repulsed with losses of 37,500 people, the Russians lost 9,524 people, [60] and hence pushed hundreds of kilometers away ...
After Russian military reversals in 1915, Nicholas II went to the front to assume nominal leadership of the army, leaving behind his German-born wife, Alexandra, government and Duma. While the central government was hampered by court intrigue, the strain of the war began to cause popular unrest.
The Gorlice–Tarnów offensive during World War I was initially conceived as a minor German offensive to relieve Russian pressure on the Austro-Hungarians to their south on the Eastern Front, but resulted in the Central Powers' chief offensive effort of 1915, causing the total collapse of the Russian lines and their retreat far into Russia.
1915, After the Defense of Van behind the retreating Russian forces, 250,000 Armenian refugees fled to the Caucasus [47] On April 24, Interior minister Mehmed Talat passed the order of April 24 (known by the Armenians as Red Sunday ), claimed that the Armenians in this region organized under the leadership of the Russians and rebelled against ...
The Russian Empire controlled and administered this territory of Austria-Hungary from September 1914 until June 1915. Throughout the occupation, the Tsarist officials pursued a policy of integrating Galicia with the Russian Empire, forcibly Russifying local Ukrainians, and persecuting both Jews and Greek Catholics.