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The Einstein–Szilard or Einstein refrigerator is an absorption refrigerator which has no moving parts, operates at constant pressure, and requires only a heat source to operate. It was jointly invented in 1926 by Albert Einstein and his former student Leó Szilárd , who patented it in the U.S. on November 11, 1930 ( U.S. patent 1,781,541 ).
By 1960, only 13% of homes in the United Kingdom had a refrigerator, compared to 96% in the United States. Around that time Lec produced its Twelve Six range of fridges, costing £179 each. In 1970, the Co Op ( Co-operative Wholesale Society ) decided to produce its own range of freezers, manufactured by Lec, which retailed at £93.
[1] [2] The Stirling cycle heat engine can also be driven in reverse, using a mechanical energy input to drive heat transfer in a reversed direction (i.e. a heat pump, or refrigerator). [ 3 ] There are several design configurations for Stirling engines that can be built (many of which require rotary or sliding seals) which can introduce ...
The refrigerator is a small unit placed over a campfire, that can later be used to cool 15 litres (3.3 imp gal; 4.0 US gal) of water to just above freezing for 24 hours in a 30 °C (86 °F) environment. [4] The concept was similar to an early refrigeration device known as an Icyball.
A refrigerator maintains a temperature a few degrees above the freezing point of water. The optimal temperature range for perishable food storage is 3 to 5 °C (37 to 41 °F). [3] A freezer is a specialized refrigerator, or portion of a refrigerator, that maintains its contents’ temperature below the freezing point of water. [4]
The Fridge Gate method is a theoretical application of using a single logic gate to drive a refrigerator in the most energy efficient way possible without violating the laws of thermodynamics. It operates on the fact that there are two energy states in which a particle can exist: the ground state and the excited state.
Kelvinator ad from 1920 Kelvinator refrigerator, c. 1926 The enterprise was established on September 18, 1914, in Detroit , Michigan , United States, by engineer Nathaniel B. Wales , who introduced his idea for a practical electric refrigeration unit for the home to Edmund Copeland and Arnold Goss.
The tricycle model is the template for the absorption refrigerator. Quantum tricycle absorption refrigerator. The device is composed from three baths where . Heat flows from the power reservoir and cold bath to the hot bath. The tricycle engine has a generic structure.
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