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Micrograph showing apocrine metaplasia of the breast with typical features [3] H&E stain. Barrett's esophagus is an abnormal change in the cells of the lower esophagus, thought to be caused by damage from chronic stomach acid exposure. The following table lists some common tissues susceptible to metaplasia, and the stimuli that can cause the ...
The most common example of metaplasia is Barrett's esophagus, when the non-keratinizing squamous epithelium of the esophagus undergoes metaplasia to become mucinous columnar cells, ultimately protecting the esophagus from acid reflux originating in the stomach. If stress persists, metaplasia can progress to dysplasia and eventually carcinoma ...
It is a type of metaplasia, which includes all cell fate switches, including the interconversion of stem cells. Current uses of transdifferentiation include disease modeling and drug discovery and in the future may include gene therapy and regenerative medicine . [ 3 ]
Common sites for squamous metaplasia include the bladder and cervix. Smokers often exhibit squamous metaplasia in the linings of their airways. These changes don't signify a specific disease, but rather usually represent the body's response to stress or irritation. Vitamin A deficiency or overdose can also lead to squamous metaplasia. [1]
Intestinal metaplasia is the transformation of epithelium (usually of the stomach or the esophagus) into a type of epithelium resembling that found in the intestine. In the esophagus, this is called Barrett's esophagus .
Metaplasia (conversion in cell type) Neoplasia (abnormal proliferation) Prosoplasia (development of new cell function) Abiotrophy (loss in vitality of organ or tissue) Atrophy (reduced functionality of an organ, with decrease in the number or volume of cells) Hypertrophy (increase in the volume of cells or tissues)
With complete metaplasia, gastric mucosa is completely transformed into small-bowel mucosa, both histologically and functionally, with the ability to absorb nutrients and secrete peptides. In incomplete metaplasia, the epithelium assumes a histologic appearance closer to that of the large intestine and frequently exhibits dysplasia .
Glandular metaplasia is a type of metaplasia where irritated tissue converts to a glandular form. An example occurs in the esophagus , where tissue becomes more similar to the tissue of the stomach .