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  2. Class (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class_(computer_programming)

    In Ruby, all classes are open. In Python, classes can be created at runtime, and all can be modified afterward. [43] Objective-C categories permit the programmer to add methods to an existing class without the need to recompile that class or even have access to its source code.

  3. Singleton pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singleton_pattern

    A class diagram exemplifying the singleton pattern. In object-oriented programming, the singleton pattern is a software design pattern that restricts the instantiation of a class to a singular instance. It is one of the well-known "Gang of Four" design patterns, which describe how to solve recurring problems in object-oriented software. [1]

  4. Object pool pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_pool_pattern

    Thus, one can use threads without paying the cost of creation and disposal of threads. The following shows the basic code of the object pool design pattern implemented using C#. For brevity the properties of the classes are declared using C# 3.0 automatically implemented property syntax.

  5. Software design pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_design_pattern

    Design patterns can be viewed as formalized best practices that the programmer may use to solve common problems when designing a software application or system. Object-oriented design patterns typically show relationships and interactions between classes or objects, without specifying the final application classes or objects that are involved.

  6. Factory method pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factory_method_pattern

    According to Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software: "Define an interface for creating an object, but let subclasses decide which class to instantiate. Factory method lets a class defer instantiation to subclasses." [2] Creating an object often requires complex processes not appropriate to include within a composing object.

  7. Resource acquisition is initialization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_acquisition_is...

    Resource acquisition is initialization (RAII) [1] is a programming idiom [2] used in several object-oriented, statically typed programming languages to describe a particular language behavior. In RAII, holding a resource is a class invariant, and is tied to object lifetime.

  8. Virtual function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_function

    In object-oriented programming, when a derived class inherits from a base class, an object of the derived class may be referred to via a pointer or reference of the base class type instead of the derived class type. If there are base class methods overridden by the derived class, the method actually called by such a reference or pointer can be ...

  9. Creational pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creational_pattern

    abstract factory pattern, which provides an interface for creating related or dependent objects without specifying the objects' concrete classes. [ 3 ] builder pattern , which separates the construction of a complex object from its representation so that the same construction process can create different representations.