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Calculating option prices, and their "Greeks", i.e. sensitivities, combines: (i) a model of the underlying price behavior, or "process" - i.e. the asset pricing model selected, with its parameters having been calibrated to observed prices; and (ii) a mathematical method which returns the premium (or sensitivity) as the expected value of option ...
Psychological pricing (also price ending or charm pricing) is a pricing and marketing strategy based on the theory that certain prices have a psychological impact. In this pricing method, retail prices are often expressed as just-below numbers: numbers that are just a little less than a round number, e.g. $19.99 or £2.98. [ 1 ]
Research by Alfred Cowles in the 1930s and 1940s suggested that professional investors were in general unable to outperform the market. During the 1930s-1950s empirical studies focused on time-series properties, and found that US stock prices and related financial series followed a random walk model in the short-term. [14]
In a simple Walrasian equilibrium model, there is but a single period and all items have prices. In a multi-period equilibrium model, while all items have prices in the current period. Only assets can survive into the next period and thus only assets can store value and as a result, only assets have a price today for delivery tomorrow.
A target price is a price at which an analyst believes a stock to be fairly valued relative to its projected and historical earnings. [ 1 ] In the view of fundamental analysis , stock valuation based on fundamentals aims to give an estimate of the intrinsic value of a stock, based on predictions of the future cash flows and profitability of the ...
Rainbow options are usually calls or puts on the best or worst of n underlying assets. [4] Like the basket option, which is written on a group of assets and pays out on a weighted-average gain on the basket as a whole, a rainbow option also considers a group of assets, but usually pays out on the level of one of them.
On a balance sheet, assets will typically be classified into current assets and long-term fixed assets. [2] The current ratio is calculated by dividing total current assets by total current liabilities. [3] It is frequently used as an indicator of a company's accounting liquidity, which is its ability to meet short-term obligations. [4] The ...
In financial economics, contingent claim analysis is widely used as a framework both for developing pricing models, and for extending the theory. [6] Thus, from its origins in option pricing and the valuation of corporate liabilities, [7] it has become a major approach to intertemporal equilibrium under uncertainty.