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The word Bahasa in English is sometimes used to refer specifically to the Indonesian and Malay, this standalone usage however is considered incorrect within the language: [1] when referring to other languages, a non-capitalized bahasa ("language") is used preceding a toponym or ethnonym (e.g. bahasa Ingg[e]ris "English", bahasa Italia "Italian ...
In Indonesia, however, there is a clear distinction between "Malay language" (bahasa Melayu) and "Indonesian" (bahasa Indonesia). Indonesian is the national language which serves as the unifying language of Indonesia; despite being a standardized form of Malay, it is not referred to with the term "Malay" in common parlance. [ 18 ]
Each language is assigned a two-letter (set 1) and three-letter lowercase abbreviation (sets 2–5). [2] Part 1 of the standard, ISO 639-1 defines the two-letter codes, and Part 3 (2007), ISO 639-3 , defines the three-letter codes, aiming to cover all known natural languages , largely superseding the ISO 639-2 three-letter code standard.
Malay is an agglutinative language, and new words are formed by three methods.New words can be created by attaching affixes onto a root word (), formation of a compound word (composition), or repetition of words or portions of words (reduplication).
The study of Indonesian etymology and loan words reflects its historical and social context. Examples include the early Sanskrit borrowings, probably during the Srivijaya period, the borrowings from Arabic and Persian, especially during the time of the establishment of Islam, and words borrowed from Dutch during the colonial period.
Bahasa Indonesia is sometimes improperly reduced to Bahasa, which refers to the Indonesian subject (Bahasa Indonesia) taught in schools, on the assumption that this is the name of the language. But the word bahasa (a loanword from Sanskrit Bhāṣā) only means "language."
Word Indonesian Meaning Dutch Word Dutch Meaning Note Ref tang pliers tang tas bag tas tangki tank tankje The Dutch word is a diminutive of tank: tégel floor tile tegel teh tea thee téken sign (on signature) teken teknologi technology technologie telat late te laat too late telefon telephone telefoon televisi television televisie tema theme thema
Word Indonesian Meaning Chinese Character (Traditional) Chinese Character Chinese Variant Chinese Transliteration Chinese Meaning Note Ref yang: yang, words to state that the following word or sentence is prioritized or distinguished from the others, words to state that the following part of the sentence explains the word in front 陽: 阳