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Mitragyna speciosa (commonly known as kratom, a herbal leaf from a tree of the Rubiaceae family [ 3][ 4]) is a tropical evergreen tree in the coffee family native to Southeast Asia. It is indigenous to Cambodia, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, and Papua New Guinea, [ 5] where it has been used in herbal medicine since at least the 19th ...
Doses for chewing vastly exceed doses used for smoking. By calculating the concentrations per leaf ("an average concentration of 2.45 mg per gram" of leaf), [68] the average weight per leaf ("about 50 g" per 20 leaves, or 2.5 g/leaf), [69] and the standard dose for chewing (about 8–28 leaves), [65] the doses can range from about 50 mg to 172 mg.
Viola sororia ( / vaɪˈoʊlə səˈrɔːriə / vy-OH-lə sə-ROR-ee-ə ), [ 5] known commonly as the common blue violet, is a short-stemmed herbaceous perennial plant native to eastern North America. It is known by a number of common names, including common meadow violet, purple violet, woolly blue violet, hooded violet, and wood violet.
Viola tricolor is a common European wild flower, growing as an annual or short-lived perennial.The species is also known as wild pansy, Johnny Jump up (though this name is also applied to similar species such as the yellow pansy), heartsease, heart's ease, heart's delight, tickle-my-fancy, Jack-jump-up-and-kiss-me, come-and-cuddle-me, three faces in a hood, love-in-idleness, and pink of my john.
Viola is a genus of flowering plants in the violet family Violaceae. It is the largest genus in the family, containing over 680 species. Most species are found in the temperate Northern Hemisphere; however, some are also found in widely divergent areas such as Hawaii, Australasia, and the Andes. Some Viola species are perennial plants, some are ...
Purple cauliflower contains anthocyanins. Anthocyanins (from Ancient Greek ἄνθος (ánthos) 'flower' and κυάνεος / κυανοῦς (kuáneos/kuanoûs) 'dark blue'), also called anthocyans, are water-soluble vacuolar pigments that, depending on their pH, may appear red, purple, blue, or black. In 1835, the German pharmacist Ludwig ...
Description. Plants of Rubus idaeus are generally perennials, which bear biennial stems ("canes") from a perennial root system. In its first year, a new, unbranched stem ("primocane") grows vigorously to its full height of 1.5–2.5 m (5.0–8.3 feet), bearing large pinnately compound leaves with five or seven leaflets, but usually no flowers.
Known as อังกาบ, this plant is used in Thailand as a traditional herbal remedy. It allegedly acts as a tonic, diuretic and blood purifier. [citation needed] To ensure intake of this plant, for medicinal purposes, is safe and nontoxic, studies were conducted on mice and found no side effects or death with fixed amount of dosage: 250g/kg dosage.