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The history of Iran (or Persia, as it was known in the Western world) is intertwined with Greater Iran, a sociocultural region spanning from Anatolia to the Indus River and from the Caucasus to the Persian Gulf. Central to this area is modern-day Iran, which covers the bulk of the Iranian Plateau. Iran is home to one of the world's oldest ...
The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, [16] also known as the Persian Empire[16] or First Persian Empire[17] (/ əˈkiːmənɪd /; Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐏂, Xšāça, lit. 'The Empire' [18] or 'The Kingdom' [19]), was an Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC. Based in modern-day Iran, it was the ...
Achaemenid dynasty (559–334/327 BC) The Great King, King of Kings, King of Anshan, King of Media, King of Babylon, King of Sumer and Akkad, King of the Four Corners of the World. Cyrus the Great. –. 600 BC. Son of Cambyses I king of Anshan and Mandana daughter of Astyages. 559–530 BC.
Iran, [a][b] officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), [c] also known as Persia, [d] is a country in West Asia. It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south.
Iran (Persia) has had numerous capital cities and royal centers throughout its history. Ahar; Pishkinid dynasty. Anshan; pre- Achaemenid era. Ardabil; early Safavid era, Sajid. Asaak; Parthian era royal center. Astara; Ispahbads of Gilan. Alamut Castle; Nizari Ismaili state.
Muslim conquest of Persia. The Muslim conquest of Persia, also called the Muslim conquest of Iran, the Arab conquest of Persia, or the Arab conquest of Iran, [3] was a major military campaign undertaken by the Rashidun Caliphate between 632 and 654. As part of the early Muslim conquests, which had begun under Muhammad in 622, it led to the fall ...
Standard of Cyrus the Great (Derafsh Shahbaz), founder of the Achaemenid Empire, featuring the Shahbaz (see List of Iranian flags) Cyrus II of Persia (Old Persian: 𐎤𐎢𐎽𐎢𐏁 Kūruš; c. 600–530 BC), [b] commonly known as Cyrus the Great, [6] was the founder of the Achaemenid Empire. [7] Hailing from Persis, he brought the ...
Russo-Persian War (1826–1828) Facing the possibility of a Russian conquest of Tehran and with Tabriz already occupied, Persia signed the Treaty of Turkmenchay; decisive and final cession of the last Caucasian territories of Iran comprising modern-day Armenia, the remainder of the Azerbaijan Republic that was still in Iranian hands, and Igdir ...