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In microeconomics, a production–possibility frontier (PPF), production possibility curve (PPC), or production possibility boundary (PPB) is a graphical representation showing all the possible options of output for two that can be produced using all factors of production, where the given resources are fully and efficiently utilized per unit time.
Figure 6: Production possibilities set in the Robinson Crusoe economy with two commodities. The boundary of the production possibilities set is known as the production-possibility frontier (PPF). [9] This curve measures the feasible outputs that Crusoe can produce, with a fixed technological constraint and given amount of resources.
The production possibilities frontier (PPF) for guns versus butter. Points like X that are outside the PPF are impossible to achieve. Points such as B, C, and D illustrate the trade-off between guns and butter: at these levels of production, producing more of one requires producing less of the other. Points located along the PPF curve represent ...
Point "A" lies below the curve, denoting underutilized production capacity. Points "B", "C", and "D" lie on the curve, denoting efficient utilization of production. Point "X" lies outside the curve, representing an impossible output for existing capital and/or technology.
Productive capacity has a lot in common with a production possibility frontier (PPF) that is an answer to the question what the maximum production capacity of a certain economy is which means using as many economy’s resources to make the output as possible. In a standard PPF graph, two types of goods’ quantities are set.
In multi-objective optimization, the Pareto front (also called Pareto frontier or Pareto curve) is the set of all Pareto efficient solutions. [1] The concept is widely used in engineering . [ 2 ] : 111–148 It allows the designer to restrict attention to the set of efficient choices, and to make tradeoffs within this set, rather than ...
In managerial economics, isoquants are typically drawn along with isocost curves in capital-labor graphs, showing the technological tradeoff between capital and labor in the production function, and the decreasing marginal returns of both inputs. In managerial economics, the unit of isoquant is commonly the net of capital cost.
A curve connecting the tangency points is called the expansion path because it shows how the input usages expand as the chosen level of output expands. In economics , an expansion path (also called a scale line [ 1 ] ) is a path connecting optimal input combinations as the scale of production expands. [ 2 ]