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Regenerative braking has a similar energy equation to the equation for the mechanical flywheel. Regenerative braking is a two-step process involving the motor/generator and the battery. The initial kinetic energy is transformed into electrical energy by the generator and is then converted into chemical energy by the battery.
Yes. Because regenerative braking also relies on battery chemistry – in this case energy is pushed back into the battery by the motors as a car coasts or brakes – it will work less well when cold.
The kinetic braking energy recovery rate is higher and therefore the system is more efficient than 2013-era battery charged hybrids, demonstrating a 60% to 70% increase in economy in EPA testing. [65] In EPA tests a hydraulic hybrid Ford Expedition returned 32 mpg ‑US (7.4 L/100 km) in urban driving and 22 mpg ‑US (11 L/100 km) on the highway.
A kinetic energy recovery system (KERS) is an automotive system for recovering a moving vehicle's kinetic energy under braking. The recovered energy is stored in a reservoir (for example a flywheel or high voltage batteries) for later use under acceleration.
Essentially, with regenerative braking switched on, the more the driver lifts the accelerator, the more their EV slows down and the more energy heads back into the battery.
Engine braking: The HSD system has a special transmission setting labelled 'B' (for Brake), that takes the place of a conventional automatic transmission's 'L' setting, providing engine braking on hills. This can be manually selected in place of regenerative braking.
Regenerative 4-Wheel Disc Brakes w/4-Wheel ABS, Front Vented Discs, Brake Assist, Hill Hold Control and Electric Parking Brake Lithium Ion (li-Ion) Traction Battery 0.43 kWh Capacity Exterior
The regenerative braking control was designed "to provide the same brake pedal "feel" as a conventional car. [13] This was the first use of regenerative braking technology in the U.S. automobile industry. [14] [15] Altogether, the system provided the car with a range of 150-mile (241 km) when traveling at 50 mph (80 km/h). [16]