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The infection can affect any skeletal muscle, but most often infects the large muscle groups such as the quadriceps or gluteal muscles. [2] [4] [5] Pyomyositis is mainly a disease of children and was first described by Scriba in 1885. Most patients are aged 2 to 5 years, but infection may occur in any age group.
Infection - The most common infectious cause of myositis is viral infections, such as the common cold. [4] Other viruses, such as COVID-19, are also shown to be a rare cause of myositis. [6] Benign acute childhood myositis has been described in children after prodromal viral infections with different viral agents.
The main classes of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy are polymyositis (PM), dermatomyositis (DM) (including juvenile, amyopathic, and sine-dermatitis form), inclusion-body myositis (IBM), immune-mediated necrotising myopathy (IMNM), and focal autoimmune myositis.
Polymyositis and the associated inflammatory myopathies have an associated increased risk of cancer. [3] The features they found associated with an increased risk of cancer were older age, age greater than 45, male sex, difficulty swallowing, death of skin cells, cutaneous vasculitis, rapid onset of myositis (<4 weeks), elevated creatine kinase, higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate and higher ...
It manifests itself in children; it is the pediatric counterpart of dermatomyositis. In JDM, the body's immune system attacks blood vessels throughout the body, causing inflammation called vasculitis. In the United States, the incidence rate of JDMS is approximately 2-3 cases per million children per year. The UK incidence is believed to be ...
IBM is often confused with (misdiagnosed as) polymyositis. Polymyositis that does not respond to treatment is likely IBM. [35] Dermatomyositis shares a number of similar physical symptoms and histopathological traits as polymyositis, but exhibits a skin rash not seen in polymyositis or sIBM. It may have different root causes unrelated to either ...
The main symptoms include several kinds of skin rash along with muscle weakness in both upper arms or thighs. [8] Although dermatomyositis is closely related to polymyositis and is sometimes assumed to be a complication of that disease, most patients with dermatomyositis develop skin symptoms before any muscle involvement.
Scleromyositis, is an autoimmune disease (a disease in which the immune system attacks the body). People with scleromyositis have symptoms of both systemic scleroderma and either polymyositis or dermatomyositis, and is therefore considered an overlap syndrome.