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Orthographic transcription is a transcription method that employs the standard spelling system of each target language. [1] [2]Examples of orthographic transcription are "Pushkin" and "Pouchkine", respectively the English and French orthographic transcriptions of the surname "Пу́шкин" in the name Алекса́ндр Пу́шкин (Alexander Pushkin).
The translator should first try to grasp the meaning of the subject, and then state the theme with perfect clarity in the other language. This, however, cannot be done without changing the order of words, putting many words for one word, and vice versa, so that the subject be perfectly intelligible in the language into which he translates.
(For example, in Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, the UK and Ireland, ageing is more common than aging; in Canada and the US, aging is more common.) The spelling systems of unlisted Commonwealth countries, such as India, Pakistan and Singapore, are generally close to the British spelling system, with possibly a few local differences.
The word for the concept of "translation" in English and in some other European languages derives from the Latin noun translatio, [6] which comes from trans, "across" + ferre, "to bring" – with -latio coming from latus, the past participle of ferre). Thus, translatio is the "bringing across" of a text from one language to another. [7]
Spelling suggestion is a feature of many computer software applications used to suggest plausible replacements for words that are likely to have been misspelled.. Spelling suggestion features are commonly included in Internet search engines, word processors, spell checkers, medical transcription, automatic query reformulation, and frequency-log statistics reporting.
Spelling is a set of conventions for written language regarding how graphemes should correspond to the sounds of spoken language. [1] Spelling is one of the elements of orthography, and highly standardized spelling is a prescriptive element. Spellings originated as transcriptions of the sounds of speech according to the alphabetic principle.
By far the most common language reform is simplification. The most common simplification is spelling reform, but inflection, syntax, vocabulary and word formation can also be targets for simplification. For example, in English, there are many prefixes which mean "the opposite of", e.g. un-, in-, a(n)-, dis-, and de-.
The Oxford spelling affects about 200 verbs, [6] and is favoured on etymological grounds, in that ‑ize corresponds more closely to the Greek root of most ‑ize verbs, -ίζω (‑ízō). [7] The suffix ‑ize has been in use in the UK since the 15th century, [5] and is the spelling variation used in North American English.