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Mammals evolved on land, so all aquatic and semiaquatic mammals have brought many terrestrial adaptations into the waters. They do not breathe underwater as fish do, so their respiratory systems had to protect the body from the surrounding water; valvular nostrils and an intranarial larynx exclude water while breathing and swallowing.
4.2.2 Amphibians. 4.2.3 Reptiles. ... United States Fish and Wildlife Service list of endangered species ... List of extinct mammals. List of extinct cetaceans; List ...
The list below largely follows Darrel Frost's Amphibian Species of the World (ASW), Version 5.5 (31 January 2011). Another classification, which largely follows Frost, but deviates from it in part is the one of AmphibiaWeb , which is run by the California Academy of Sciences and several of universities.
Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish: chimeras, sharks and rays) Osteichthyes. Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish, which includes most familiar bony fish) Sarcopterygii. Actinistia (coelacanths) Dipnoi (lungfish) Tetrapoda. Amphibia (amphibians) Amniota. Mammalia (mammals) Aves (birds) Reptilia (reptiles, paraphyletic with respect to Aves)
The vertebrates include mammals, birds, amphibians, and various classes of fish and reptiles. The fish include the jawless Agnatha, and the jawed Gnathostomata. The jawed fish include both the cartilaginous fish and the bony fish. Bony fish include the lobe-finned fish, which gave rise to the tetrapods, the animals with four
The fish's hyomandibula bone in the hyoid region behind the gills diminished in size and became the stapes of the amphibian ear, an adaptation necessary for hearing on dry land. [24] An affinity between the amphibians and the teleost fish is the multi-folded structure of the teeth and the paired supra-occipital bones at the back of the head ...
1 List of amphibious fish. ... Lissamphibia, sauropsids and mammals. ... This mode of breathing, similar to that employed by amphibians, is known as cutaneous ...
Amphibians — List of critically endangered amphibians; Birds — List of critically endangered birds; Fish — List of critically endangered fishes; Invertebrates — List of critically endangered invertebrates. Arthropods — List of critically endangered arthropods. Insects — List of critically endangered insects; Molluscs List of ...