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The main treaty was opened for signature on 1 December 1959, and officially entered into force on 23 June 1961. [4] The original signatories were the 12 countries active in Antarctica during the International Geophysical Year (IGY) of 1957–58: Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Chile, France, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, South Africa, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States. [1]
An Act to enable effect to be given to measures for the conservation of Antarctic fauna and flora which, in pursuance of the Antarctic Treaty signed at Washington on 1st December 1959, have been or may hereafter be recommended for approval by contracting parties to that treaty; and for other purposes connected with the Antarctic Treaty.
Once the Antarctic Treaty entered into force in 1961, a series of measures were agreed under the provisions of its article IX (which provides for the creation of measures aimed at "the preservation and conservation of living resources in Antarctica"), or in separate conventions, which focused on issues such as the protection of flora and fauna ...
Under the terms of the current treaty all commercial mining is forbidden, but rumblings of discontent are stirring beneath the ice. In 30 years the Antarctic Treaty becomes modifiable, and the ...
Antarctic Treaty (Agreed Measures) Order 1988 SI 1988/586; Antarctic Treaty (Specially Protected Areas) Order 1988 SI 1988/587; Child Abduction and Custody (Parties to Conventions) (Amendment) Order 1988 SI 1988/588; Health Service Commissioner for England (Health Education Authority) Order 1988 SI 1988/589; Social Security (Sweden) Order 1988 ...
Antarctic Marine Living Resources Conservation Act 1981 1981 (No. 30) Yes (as amended) Antarctic Mining Prohibition Act 1991 1991 (No. 43) No Antarctic Treaty Act 1960 1960 (No. 48) Yes (as amended) Antarctic Treaty (Environment Protection) Act 1980 1980 (No. 103) Yes (as amended) Anti-Dumping Authority Act 1988 1988 (No. 72)
United States Antarctic Program; Museums in Antarctica. Discovery Hut in 2008. It was erected in 1902 by Robert Falcon Scott's 1903–1907 Discovery expedition.
The international coordination that resulted from the IGY ultimately lead to the Antarctic Treaty, which was signed in 1959. Since then, Treaty nations have agreed to several addenda, including the 1991 Environmental Protocol to the Antarctic Treaty which establishes rules and procedures specifically designed to protect the Antarctic environment.