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The Papanicolaou test (abbreviated as Pap test, also known as Pap smear (AE), [1] cervical smear (BE), cervical screening (BE), [2] or smear test (BE)) is a method of cervical screening used to detect potentially precancerous and cancerous processes in the cervix (opening of the uterus or womb) or, more rarely, anus (in both men and women). [3]
Pap staining is used to differentiate cells in smear preparations (in which samples are spread or smeared onto a glass microscope slide) [6] from various bodily secretions and needle biopsies; the specimens may include gynecological smears (), sputum, brushings, washings, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, [4] abdominal fluid, pleural fluid, synovial fluid, seminal fluid, [7] fine needle aspirations ...
Cervical cancer screening is a medical screening test designed to identify risk of cervical cancer. Cervical screening may involve looking for viral DNA, and/or to identify abnormal, potentially precancerous cells within the cervix as well as cells that have progressed to early stages of cervical cancer .
Currently, the pap smear — in which cells taken from the cervix are examined by a doctor “for cervical cancer or cell changes,” per the National Cancer Institute — is the recommended ...
Pap smear results may be reported using the Bethesda system (see above). The sensitivity and specificity of this test were variable in a systematic review looking at accuracy of the test. An abnormal Pap smear result may lead to a recommendation for colposcopy of the cervix, an in office procedure during which the cervix is examined under ...
Pap smears are screening tools to detect any abnormal changes in cervical cells which may indicate cancer or HPV. How frequently you should get a Pap smear or HPV test - and what to expect during ...
Squamous cell carcinoma; Atypical Glandular Cells not otherwise specified (AGC-NOS) Atypical Glandular Cells, suspicious for AIS or cancer (AGC-neoplastic) Adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) The results are calculated differently following a Pap smear of the cervix. [citation needed]
For example, a common application of cytopathology is the Pap smear, a screening tool used to detect precancerous cervical lesions that may lead to cervical cancer. Cytopathologic tests are sometimes called smear tests because the samples may be smeared across a glass microscope slide [ 4 ] for subsequent staining and microscopic examination.