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The hierarchy of biological classification's eight major taxonomic ranks. A genus contains one or more species. Minor intermediate ranks are not shown. A species (pl.: species) is a population of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. [1]
It was a New York Times bestseller [15] and appeared on the Parents magazine list of top 50 children's books, [16] as well as in the New York Times ' s "50 Years of Children's Books" review. [ 17 ] Based on a 2007 online poll, the National Education Association listed the book as one of its "Teachers' Top 100 Books for Children". [ 18 ]
The scientific work of deciding how to define species has been called microtaxonomy. [26] [27] [20] By extension, macrotaxonomy is the study of groups at the higher taxonomic ranks subgenus and above, [20] or simply in clades that include more than one taxon considered a species, expressed in terms of phylogenetic nomenclature. [28]
The basic ranks are species and genus. When an organism is given a species name it is assigned to a genus, and the genus name is part of the species name. The species name is also called a binomial, that is, a two-term name. For example, the zoological name for the human species is Homo sapiens. This is usually italicized in print or underlined ...
Taxonomy is a practice and science concerned with classification or categorization. Typically, there are two parts to it: the development of an underlying scheme of classes (a taxonomy) and the allocation of things to the classes (classification).
Systematics and the Origin of Species from the Viewpoint of a Zoologist is a book written by zoologist and evolutionary biologist Ernst Mayr, first published in 1942 by Columbia University Press. [1] The book became one of the canonical publications on the modern synthesis and is considered to be exemplary of the original expansion of ...
Naturalists introduced the biological species concept, the definition of species as a community that is reproductively isolated and occupies a distinctive ecological niche. [5]: 273 They also recognized that species are polytypic, having variations in time and space; and that behavior and change of function can give rise to evolutionary change.
Over 1.5 million living animal species have been described, of which around 1.05 million are insects, over 85,000 are molluscs, and around 65,000 are vertebrates. It has been estimated there are as many as 7.77 million animal species on Earth. Animal body lengths range from 8.5 μm (0.00033 in) to 33.6 m (110 ft).