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Soviet strategy, the top end of military art, was concerned with gaining the strategic initiative which would then allow the Red Army to stage further military operations to liberate Soviet territory lost in 1941 and 1942. To do this, the Stavka decided to achieve the goal through defensive means.
Such operations typically involved at least one Front – the largest military formation of the Soviet Armed Forces. The operations could be defensive, offensive, a withdrawal, an encirclement, or a siege – always conducted by at least two Services of the armed forces (the ground forces and the air forces) and often included the naval forces.
Development of Red Army tactics began during the Russian Civil War, and are still a subject of study within Russian military academies today. They were an important source of development in military theory, and in particular of armoured warfare before, during and after the Second World War, in the process influencing the outcome of World War II and the Korean War.
It correlates political requirements with military power. Operational art is defined by its military-political scope, not by force size, scale of operations or degree of effort. Likewise, operational art provides theory and skills, and the operational level permits doctrinal structure and process. [3]
Soviet adoption of the principles of war is considered a part of military art, and is therefore a system of knowledge that is . the theory and practice of preparing and conducting military operations on the land, at sea, and in the air. [10] As such it includes the following principles [11] High combat readiness
Glantz is known as a military historian of the Soviet role in World War II. [4]He has argued that the view of the Soviet Union's involvement in the war has been prejudiced in the West, which relies too much on German oral and printed sources without being balanced by a similar examination of Soviet source material. [5]
The military tactical operations of the Red Army successfully avoided the mobile reserves of the Wehrmacht and continually "wrong-footed" the German forces. Despite the massive forces involved, Soviet front commanders left their adversaries completely confused about the main axis of attack until it was too late. [34]
Strategic operations of the Red Army in World War II provides a listing of large-scale Soviet operations. A strategic offensive is the aggressive expression of war planning and the use of strategic forces as a whole, combining all resources available for achieving defined and definitive goals that would fundamentally alter the balance of power ...