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Sputum is a thick fluid produced in the lungs and in the adjacent airways. Normally, fresh morning sample is preferred for the bacteriological examination of sputum. [2] A sample of sputum is collected in a sterile, wide-mouthed, dry, leak-proof and break-resistant plastic-container and sent to the laboratory for testing. [2]
The best sputum samples contain very little saliva, [2] as saliva contaminates the sample with oral bacteria. This is especially true for samples for laboratory testing in cytology or microbiology. Specimen adequacy is assessed by the laboratory technologists by examining a Gram stain or cytology stain of the sputum.
The collection trap is then appropriately labeled and sent off for testing. [3] Recent literature for the use of endoscopic BAL in therapy uses essentially the same process. A flexible bronchoscope is most commonly used. The physician seeks out areas with excess mucus or other abnormalities, then uses saline and suction to clean it. [19] [14]
A sample of saliva can also be collected from the mouth. Excision (cutting out), a surgical method for the removal of solid or soft tissue samples. Puncture (also called centesis ) followed by aspiration is the main method used for sampling of many types of tissues and body fluids.
Of the 6,000 nasal swab samples collected every week under the program, about 2,000 are tested for respiratory diseases, Friedman said, adding that nasal swabs from two of seven participating ...
Why mucus production steps up when you're sick. When you get sick, have allergies or even just have irritants such as dust in your nose and throat, the respiratory tract "kicks into high gear to ...
Phlegm is more related to disease than mucus, and can be troublesome for the individual to excrete from the body. Phlegm is a thick secretion in the airway during disease and inflammation. Phlegm usually contains mucus with virus, bacteria, other debris, and sloughed-off inflammatory cells.
For example, different types of samples must be collected in appropriate tubes to maintain the integrity of the sample and stored at appropriate temperatures (usually 4 °C) to preserve the virus and prevent bacterial or fungal growth. Sometimes multiple sites may also be sampled. [citation needed] Types of samples include the following: