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  2. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_resonance_cholan...

    Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is a medical imaging technique. It uses magnetic resonance imaging to visualize the biliary and pancreatic ducts non-invasively. This procedure can be used to determine whether gallstones are lodged in any of the ducts surrounding the gallbladder .

  3. Chemical table file - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_table_file

    Connection table M V30 COUNTS 6 5 0 0 1 Counts line M V30 BEGIN ATOM M V30 1 C -0.6622 0.5342 0 0 CFG=2 M V30 2 C 0.6622 -0.3 0 0 M V30 3 C -0.7207 2.0817 0 0 MASS=13 M V30 4 N -1.8622 -0.3695 0 0 CHG=1 M V30 5 O 0.622 -1.8037 0 0 M V30 6 O 1.9464 0.4244 0 0 CHG=-1 M V30 END ATOM: Atom block

  4. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoscopic_retrograde_cho...

    Fluoroscopy is used to look for blockages, or other lesions such as stones. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] When needed, the sphincters of the ampulla and bile ducts can be enlarged by a cut (sphincterotomy) with an electrified wire called a sphincterotome for access into either so that gallstones may be removed or other therapy performed.

  5. Packed bed - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packed_bed

    A packed bed used to perform separation processes, such as absorption, stripping, and distillation is known as a packed column. [1] Columns used in certain types of chromatography consisting of a tube filled with packing material can also be called packed columns and their structure has similarities to packed beds.

  6. Mass concentration (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_concentration_(chemistry)

    In chemistry, the mass concentration ρ i (or γ i) is defined as the mass of a constituent m i divided by the volume of the mixture V. [1]= For a pure chemical the mass concentration equals its density (mass divided by volume); thus the mass concentration of a component in a mixture can be called the density of a component in a mixture.

  7. Dirac (software) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirac_(software)

    Dirac is one of the most successful general-purpose quantum chemistry packages that provides accurate description of relativistic effects in molecules, using the Dirac equation as its starting point. [1] The program is available in source code form, at no cost, to the academic community.

  8. Free-energy perturbation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-energy_perturbation

    Other applications are the virtual screening of ligands in drug discovery, in silico mutagenesis studies [2] [3] and antibody affinity maturation. [4] For the study of reactions it is often necessary to involve a quantum-mechanical (QM) representation of the reaction center because the molecular mechanics (MM) force fields used for FEP ...

  9. Conversion (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversion_(chemistry)

    Conversion and its related terms yield and selectivity are important terms in chemical reaction engineering.They are described as ratios of how much of a reactant has reacted (X — conversion, normally between zero and one), how much of a desired product was formed (Y — yield, normally also between zero and one) and how much desired product was formed in ratio to the undesired product(s) (S ...