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Longer-term effects of COVID-19 have become a prevalent aspect of the disease itself. These symptoms can be referred to by many names including post-COVID-19 syndrome, long COVID, and long haulers syndrome. An overall definition of post-COVID conditions (PCC) can be described as a range of symptoms that can last for weeks or months. [83]
Long COVID is a patient-created term coined early in the pandemic by those suffering from long-term symptoms. [12] [13] While long COVID is the most prevalent name, the terms long-haul COVID, post-COVID-19 syndrome, post-COVID-19 condition, [1] [14] post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), and chronic COVID syndrome are also in use. [5] Long ...
Researchers also found that those with long COVID had a group of proteins that showed that a portion of the immune system, called the complement system, was ramped up well after the patients ...
If symptoms of histoplasmosis infection occur, they start within 3 to 17 days after exposure; the typical time is 12–14 days. Most affected individuals have clinically silent manifestations and show no apparent ill effects. The acute phase of histoplasmosis is characterized by nonspecific respiratory symptoms, often cough or flu-like.
Between 5% and 50% of COVID-19 patients experience long COVID, [156] a condition characterised by long-term consequences persisting after the typical convalescence period of the disease. [ 157 ] [ 158 ] The most commonly reported clinical presentations are fatigue and memory problems, as well as malaise , headaches, shortness of breath , loss ...
Deterioration of social networks and economies, survivor stigma, anger and aggression, and mistrust of official information are long-term consequences. [ 90 ] In April 2020 The Lancet published a 14-page call for action focusing on the UK and stated conditions were such that a range of mental health issues was likely to become more common.
Human coronavirus OC43 [1] (HCoV-OC43) is a member of the species Betacoronavirus 1, which infects humans and cattle. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The infecting coronavirus is an enveloped , positive-sense , single-stranded RNA virus that enters its host cell by binding to the N-acetyl-9-O-acetylneuraminic acid receptor . [ 4 ]
The spikes are the most distinguishing feature of coronaviruses and are responsible for the corona- or halo-like surface. On average a coronavirus particle has 74 surface spikes. [53] Each spike is about 20 nm long and is composed of a trimer of the S protein. The S protein is in turn composed of an S1 and S2 subunit.