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Strokes may be straight, as in k l v w x z, or curved, as in c o s. If straight, they may be horizontal, vertical, or diagonal; if curved, open or closed. Typographers also speak of an instroke, where one starts writing the letter, as at the top of a c f, and an outstroke, where the pen leaves off, as at the bottom of c e j k t y. [5]
Oblique fonts, as supplied by a font designer, may be simply slanted, but this is often not the case: many have slight corrections made to them to give curves more consistent widths, so they retain the proportions of counters and the thick-and-thin quality of strokes from the regular design.
Font hinting, also known as instructing, is the use of mathematical instructions to adjust the display of an outline font so that it lines up with a rasterized grid. At low screen resolutions , hinting is critical for producing clear, legible text.
A typeface or "font family" making use of serifs is called a serif typeface (or serifed typeface), and a typeface that does not include them is sans-serif. Some typography sources refer to sans-serif typefaces as "grotesque" (in German , grotesk ) or "Gothic" [ 1 ] (although this often refers to blackletter type as well) and serif typefaces as ...
Typically, this is the height of the letter x in the font (the source of the term), as well as the letters v, w, and z. (Curved letters such as a , c , e , m , n , o , r , s , and u tend to exceed the x-height slightly, due to overshoot ; i has a dot that tends to go above x-height.)
The Unicode standard does not specify or create any font (), a collection of graphical shapes called glyphs, itself.Rather, it defines the abstract characters as a specific number (known as a code point) and also defines the required changes of shape depending on the context the glyph is used in (e.g., combining characters, precomposed characters and letter-diacritic combinations).
Diagram of a cast metal sort.a face, b body or shank, c point size, 1 shoulder, 2 nick, 3 groove, 4 foot.. In professional typography, [a] the term typeface is not interchangeable with the word font (originally "fount" in British English, and pronounced "font"), because the term font has historically been defined as a given alphabet and its associated characters in a single size.
In typography, the mean line is the imaginary line at the top of the x-height. [1]Round glyphs will tend to break the mean line slightly in many typefaces, since this is aesthetically more pleasing, otherwise curved letters such as a, c, e, m, n, o, r, s, and u will appear visually smaller than flat-topped (or bottomed) characters of equal height, due to an optical illusion.