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In an isobaric process, the pressure remains constant, so the heat interaction is the change in enthalpy. [2] In an isenthalpic process, the enthalpy is constant. [2] A horizontal line in the diagram represents an isenthalpic process. A vertical line in the h–s chart represents an isentropic process.
Compressor characteristic is a mathematical curve that shows the behaviour of a fluid going through a dynamic compressor.It shows changes in fluid pressure, temperature, entropy, flow rate etc.) with the compressor operating at different speeds.
Isotherms of an ideal gas for different temperatures. The curved lines are rectangular hyperbolae of the form y = a/x. They represent the relationship between pressure (on the vertical axis) and volume (on the horizontal axis) for an ideal gas at different temperatures: lines that are farther away from the origin (that is, lines that are nearer to the top right-hand corner of the diagram ...
The Rüchardt experiment, [1] [2] [3] invented by Eduard Rüchardt, is a famous experiment in thermodynamics, which determines the ratio of the molar heat capacities of a gas, i.e. the ratio of (heat capacity at constant pressure) and (heat capacity at constant volume) and is denoted by (gamma, for ideal gas) or (kappa, isentropic exponent, for real gas).
The ratios were obtained using the criterion that choked flow occurs when the ratio of the absolute upstream pressure to the absolute downstream pressure is equal to or greater than ([+] /) / (), where is the specific heat ratio of the gas. The minimum pressure ratio may be understood as the ratio between the upstream pressure and the pressure ...
The diagram enables calculation of the work performed and thus can provide a measure of the power produced by the engine. [4] To exactly calculate the work done by the system it is necessary to calculate the integral of the pressure with respect to volume.
In chemistry, the lever rule is a formula used to determine the mole fraction (x i) or the mass fraction (w i) of each phase of a binary equilibrium phase diagram.It can be used to determine the fraction of liquid and solid phases for a given binary composition and temperature that is between the liquidus and solidus line.
[1] [2] [3] A key question is the uniformity of the flow distribution and pressure drop. Fig. 1. Manifold arrangement for flow distribution. Traditionally, most of theoretical models are based on Bernoulli equation after taking the frictional losses into account using a control volume (Fig. 2).