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Condemnation to the mines (Latin: Ad metalla, "to the mines") is a way in which the most cruel punishments were applied to those that practiced Christianity. Calistratus called it a proxima morti penalty. Both Tertullian and Cyprian wrote that damnatio ad metalla was the typical sentence meted to Christians, and deemed it a type of prolonged ...
Serious crimes such as murder and arson were punished by death. [citation needed] The Tokugawa shogunate maintained execution grounds for Edo at Kozukappara, Suzugamori, and Itabashi. [citation needed] Kozukappara, also known as Kotsukappara or Kozukahara, is currently located near the southwest exit of Tokyo's Minami-Senju Station.
His essay entitled, "The Method of Procuring Slaves on the Coast of Africa; with an account of their sufferings on the voyage, and cruel treatment in the West Indies", describes the iron bit as having "a flat iron which goes into the mouth, and so effectually keeps down the tongue, that nothing can be swallowed, not even the saliva, a passage ...
Most of the punishments were public, where heavy use of shame and shaming was included. Through the method of shaming, the criminal justice system meant more to teach a lesson than simply punish the offender. The "criminal" was almost always male. However, punishment for such crimes as witchcraft, infanticide, and adultery fell heavily on the ...
[2] [3] Following the Sui and Tang dynasties (581–907 AD), these were changed to penal servitude, banishment, death, or corporal punishment in the form of whipping with bamboo strips or flogging with a stick. Although the Five Punishments were an important part of Dynastic China's penal system, they were not the only methods of punishment used.
Stocks, unlike the pillory or pranger, restrain only the feet.. Stocks are feet restraining devices that were used as a form of corporal punishment and public humiliation.The use of stocks is seen as early as Ancient Greece, where they are described as being in use in Solon's law code.
Execution wheel (German: Richtrad) with underlays, 18th century; on display at the Märkisches Museum, Berlin The breaking wheel, also known as the execution wheel, the Wheel of Catherine or the (Saint) Catherine('s) Wheel, was a torture method used for public execution primarily in Europe from antiquity through the Middle Ages up to the 19th century by breaking the bones of a criminal or ...
Punishments often invoked the "purifying" powers of earth (burial), water (drowning), and fire (burning alive). Victims were also decapitated, quartered, hanged, and beaten. [12] Bodies or body parts were often displayed in public places and authorities took pains to ensure that remains would stay visible for as long as possible. [13] [4]