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John Earman and John D. Norton have argued that Szilárd and Landauer's explanations of Maxwell's demon begin by assuming that the second law of thermodynamics cannot be violated by the demon, and derive further properties of the demon from this assumption, including the necessity of consuming energy when erasing information, etc. [15] [16] It ...
In physics, Loschmidt's paradox (named for J.J. Loschmidt), also known as the reversibility paradox, irreversibility paradox, or Umkehreinwand (from German 'reversal objection'), [1] is the objection that it should not be possible to deduce an irreversible process from time-symmetric dynamics.
The idea that we can remember the past and not the future is called the "psychological arrow of time" and it has deep connections with Maxwell's demon and the physics of information; memory is linked to the second law of thermodynamics if one views it as correlation between brain cells (or computer bits) and the outer world: Since such ...
Covers the thermodynamics arrow of time, arising from the second law of thermodynamics. Discusses Ludwig Boltzmann and his development of the second law as a statistical law. The chapter also discusses Boltzmann's H-theorem and Loschmidt's paradox. Price takes a time-symmetric view and comes to the conclusion that the mystery of the second law ...
The second law of thermodynamics is a physical law based on universal empirical observation concerning heat and energy interconversions. A simple statement of the law is that heat always flows spontaneously from hotter to colder regions of matter (or 'downhill' in terms of the temperature gradient).
In addition to their use in thermodynamics, they are important fundamental laws of physics in general and are applicable in other natural sciences. Traditionally, thermodynamics has recognized three fundamental laws, simply named by an ordinal identification, the first law, the second law, and the third law.
Research concerning the relationship between the thermodynamic quantity entropy and both the origin and evolution of life began around the turn of the 20th century. In 1910 American historian Henry Adams printed and distributed to university libraries and history professors the small volume A Letter to American Teachers of History proposing a theory of history based on the second law of ...
Law Field Person(s) Named After Abel's theorem: Calculus: Niels Henrik Abel: Ariadne's thread: Computer science Ariadne: Amdahl's law: Computer science: Gene Amdahl: Ampère's circuital law: Physics: André-Marie Ampère: Archie's law: Geology: Gus Archie: Archimedes's principle Axiom of Archimedes: Physics Analysis: Archimedes: Arrhenius ...