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John Earman and John D. Norton have argued that Szilárd and Landauer's explanations of Maxwell's demon begin by assuming that the second law of thermodynamics cannot be violated by the demon, and derive further properties of the demon from this assumption, including the necessity of consuming energy when erasing information, etc. [15] [16] It ...
When a law of physics applies equally when time is reversed, it is said to show T-symmetry; in this case, entropy is what allows one to decide if the video described above is playing forwards or in reverse as intuitively we identify that only when played forwards the entropy of the scene is increasing. Because of the second law of ...
In physics, Loschmidt's paradox (named for J.J. Loschmidt), also known as the reversibility paradox, irreversibility paradox, or Umkehreinwand (from German 'reversal objection'), [1] is the objection that it should not be possible to deduce an irreversible process from time-symmetric dynamics.
Ampère's circuital law, in physics, relates the circulating magnetic field in a closed loop to the electric current through the loop. Discovered by André-Marie Ampère. Anderson's rule is used for the construction of energy band diagrams of the heterojunction between two semiconductor materials. Named for R. L. Anderson.
A bootstrap paradox, also known as an information loop, an information paradox, [6] an ontological paradox, [7] or a "predestination paradox" is a paradox of time travel that occurs when any event, such as an action, information, an object, or a person, ultimately causes itself, as a consequence of either retrocausality or time travel.
Whether the acceleration is from motion or from gravity makes no difference in the laws of physics. One can also understand it in terms of the equivalence of so-called gravitational mass and inertial mass. The mass in Newton's law of universal gravitation (gravitational mass) is the same as the mass in Newton's second law of motion (inertial mass).
Law Field Person(s) Named After Abel's theorem: Calculus: Niels Henrik Abel: Ariadne's thread: Computer science Ariadne: Amdahl's law: Computer science: Gene Amdahl: Ampère's circuital law: Physics: André-Marie Ampère: Archie's law: Geology: Gus Archie: Archimedes's principle Axiom of Archimedes: Physics Analysis: Archimedes: Arrhenius ...
In cosmology, the past hypothesis is a fundamental law of physics that postulates that the universe started in a low-entropy state, [1] in accordance with the second law of thermodynamics. The second law states that any closed system follows the arrow of time, meaning its entropy never decreases. Applying this idea to the entire universe, the ...