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A girder bridge is a bridge that uses girders as the means of supporting its deck. [1] The two most common types of modern steel girder bridges are plate and box. [citation needed] The term "girder" is often used interchangeably with "beam" in reference to bridge design.
In some cases, the plate girders may be formed in a Z-shape rather than I-shape. The first tubular wrought iron plate girder bridge was built in 1846-47 by James Millholland for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. [2] Plate girder bridges are suitable for short to medium spans and may support railroads, highways, or other traffic. Plate girders ...
The Coronado Bay Bridge has the tallest box girder. Box girder bridges of shallow rectangular cross-section and aerofoil characteristics became extensively used in road bridges from the 1960s onwards, such as the Severn Bridge, being much lighter than the deeper truss-type girder construction used on previous bridges such as the Golden Gate Bridge.
The bridges are mostly of the box girder design and work with straight or constant curve shapes, with a constant radius. 15-to-30-metre (49 to 98 ft) box girder sections of the bridge deck are fabricated at one end of the bridge in factory conditions. Each section is manufactured in around one week.
Attempts have been made to increase the safety of bridges with pin and hanger assemblies by adding some form of redundancy to the assembly. Retrofits that add redundancy to pin and hanger assemblies include adding a "catcher's mitt"—a short steel beam attached to the bottom of the cantilevered girder that extends out beneath the suspended girder to "catch" the suspended girder should ...
A concrete curved-chord through girder bridge, sometimes known as a camelback bridge, [2] [i] is a type of concrete bridge most common in the U.S. state of Michigan and the Canadian province of Ontario. [1] C.V. Dewart, the first professional bridge engineer of the Michigan State Highway Department, designed the type. [3]
Underslung (lower-beam) launching gantry used for Skyline guideway construction (2015). A launching gantry (also called bridge building crane, and bridge-building machine) is a special-purpose mobile gantry crane used in bridge construction, specifically segmental bridges that use precast box girder bridge segments or precast girders in highway and high-speed rail bridge construction projects.
Such modern bridges include girder, plate girder, and box girder bridges, all types of beam bridges. Types of construction could include having many beams side by side with a deck across the top of them, to a main beam either side supporting a deck between them. The main beams could be I-beams, trusses, or box girders.