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  2. Lattice constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lattice_constant

    Unit cell definition using parallelepiped with lengths a, b, c and angles between the sides given by α, β, γ [1]. A lattice constant or lattice parameter is one of the physical dimensions and angles that determine the geometry of the unit cells in a crystal lattice, and is proportional to the distance between atoms in the crystal.

  3. Marching squares - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marching_squares

    Process each cell in the grid independently. Calculate a cell index using comparisons of the contour level(s) with the data values at the cell corners. Use a pre-built lookup table, keyed on the cell index, to describe the output geometry for the cell. Apply linear interpolation along the boundaries of the cell to calculate the exact contour ...

  4. Scalar (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalar_(mathematics)

    A scalar is an element of a field which is used to define a vector space.In linear algebra, real numbers or generally elements of a field are called scalars and relate to vectors in an associated vector space through the operation of scalar multiplication (defined in the vector space), in which a vector can be multiplied by a scalar in the defined way to produce another vector.

  5. Scalar (physics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalar_(physics)

    A scalar in physics and other areas of science is also a scalar in mathematics, as an element of a mathematical field used to define a vector space.For example, the magnitude (or length) of an electric field vector is calculated as the square root of its absolute square (the inner product of the electric field with itself); so, the inner product's result is an element of the mathematical field ...

  6. Marching cubes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marching_cubes

    Head and cerebral structures (hidden) extracted from 150 MRI slices using marching cubes (about 150,000 triangles). Marching cubes is a computer graphics algorithm, published in the 1987 SIGGRAPH proceedings by Lorensen and Cline, [1] for extracting a polygonal mesh of an isosurface from a three-dimensional discrete scalar field (the elements of which are sometimes called voxels).

  7. Scalar field - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalar_field

    A scalar field is a tensor field of order zero, [3] and the term "scalar field" may be used to distinguish a function of this kind with a more general tensor field, density, or differential form. The scalar field of ⁡ ((+)) oscillating as increases. Red represents positive values, purple represents negative values, and sky blue represents ...

  8. Consumer stocks 2025: Watch out for discount retailers and ...

    www.aol.com/consumer-stocks-2025-watch-discount...

    Among the fast food giants, McDonald's is making a splash with its new value platform starting on Jan. 7, its first national value offering since 2018.Bernstein analyst Danilo Gargiulo called it a ...

  9. Scalar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalar

    Scalar (mathematics), an element of a field, which is used to define a vector space, usually the field of real numbers; Scalar (physics), a physical quantity that can be described by a single element of a number field such as a real number Lorentz scalar, a quantity in the theory of relativity which is invariant under a Lorentz transformation