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alpha-ketoglutaric acid, a 5-carbon ketoacid derived from glutamic acid. Alpha-ketoglutarate participates in cell signaling by functioning as a coenzyme. [6] It is commonly used in transamination reactions. Beta-keto acids, beta-ketoacids, or 3-oxoacids, such as acetoacetic acid, have the ketone group at the second carbon
Acetoacetic acid (IUPAC name: 3-oxobutanoic acid, also known as acetonecarboxylic acid or diacetic acid) is the organic compound with the formula CH 3 COCH 2 COOH. It is the simplest beta- keto acid , and like other members of this class, it is unstable.
However, drinking exogenous ketones will not trigger fat burning like a ketogenic diet. Most supplements rely on β-hydroxybutyrate as the source of exogenous ketone bodies. It is the most common exogenous ketone body because of its efficient energy conversion and ease of synthesis. [1] In the body, BHB can be converted to acetoacetic acid.
Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules or compounds that contain the ketone groups produced from fatty acids by the liver (ketogenesis). [1] [2] Ketone bodies are readily transported into tissues outside the liver, where they are converted into acetyl-CoA (acetyl-Coenzyme A) – which then enters the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) and is oxidized for energy.
Ketogenesis pathway. The three ketone bodies (acetoacetate, acetone, and beta-hydroxy-butyrate) are marked within orange boxes. Ketogenesis is the biochemical process through which organisms produce ketone bodies by breaking down fatty acids and ketogenic amino acids.
Pages in category "Beta-keto acids" The following 9 pages are in this category, out of 9 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. A. Acetoacetic acid;
It is also classified as a 2-ketocarboxylic acid. β-Ketoglutaric acid is an isomer. "Ketoglutaric acid" and "ketoglutarate", when not qualified as α or β, almost always refers respectively to α-ketoglutaric acid or α-ketoglutarate. [2] α-Ketoglutarate is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle, a cycle that supplies the energy to cells. [2]
Keto-enol tautomerism. 1 is the keto form; 2 is the enol. Ketones that have at least one alpha-hydrogen, undergo keto-enol tautomerization; the tautomer is an enol. Tautomerization is catalyzed by both acids and bases. Usually, the keto form is more stable than the enol. This equilibrium allows ketones to be prepared via the hydration of alkynes.