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The price of petrol has increased from 65 naira ($0.40; £0.26) per litre to at least 141 naira in filling stations [6] and from 100 naira to at least 200 naira on the black market, from which many Nigerians buy their fuel.
The largest component of the average price of $2.80/gallon of regular grade gasoline in the United States from 2012 through 2021, representing 54.8% of the price of gas, was the price of crude oil. The second largest component during the same period was taxes—federal and state taxes representing 17% of the price of gas.
But with two recent increases in October, Nigerians are now paying market prices for fuel for the first time in three decades. In the main city Lagos it went up from 858 naira ($0.52) to 1,025 ...
However, crude oil prices have increased, offering some consolation. The decline in production may also lead to a reduction in Nigeria's OPEC quota. The country's gas exports decreased by 25% to a three-year low, [58] similar to the decline in crude oil exports. Low production and the exit of multinationals are the main causes.
Nigeria's inflation rate rose to 15.63 per cent in December 2021 compared to 15.40 per cent in November, the National Bureau of Statistics announced on January 17, 2022. The statistics office said the prices of goods and services, measured by the Consumer Price Index, increased by 15.63 per cent in December 2021 when compared to December 2020.
Gas prices within the last 10 years highlight how volatile the market can be. When looking at historical data, gas prices were the same in 2011 as they were in 2023 — $3.52 per gallon.
Fuel crisis exacerbated by the Russian invasion of Ukraine has caused prices for importing fuel to go up by more than 100%. Despite being an oil exporting country and Africa's biggest oil producer, [6] Nigeria imports almost all of its fuel since its refineries fail to cover the country's needs.
The gas originates in the Niger Delta area [44] before it is injecting into the Escravos-Lagos Pipeline System (ELPS), whose construction and installation started on October 15, 2011. [45] A number of major industrial users utilize this gas in captive power plants such as Guinness's Ogba and Benin breweries. [ 46 ]