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Disease Death toll Percentage of population lost Years Location 2 1918 Flu: Influenza A/H1N1: 17–100 million 1–5.4% of global population [4] 1918–1920 Worldwide 2 Plague of Justinian: Bubonic plague 15–100 million 25–60% of European population [5] 541–549 North Africa, Europe, and Western Asia 3 HIV/AIDS pandemic: HIV/AIDS
Man with syphilis in German East Africa, c. early 1900s. Syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection, is a major danger to public health, particularly in developing countries, including those in sub-Saharan Africa. The disease, whose origin is contested amongst researchers, arrived in Africa no later than the 16th century. Since then, it has ...
Lapeyssonnie noticed that the disease occurred in areas receiving 300–1,100 mm of mean annual rainfall, which is the case in sub-Saharan Africa. [1] The intercontinental spread of meningitis has also been traced to South Asia , brought by those making the Hajj , a pilgrimage to Saudi Arabia , in 1987, leading to epidemics in Nepal , Saudi ...
Viral diseases of livestock can be devastating both to farmers and the wider community, as the outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in the UK in 2001 showed. [228] First appearing in East Africa in 1891, rinderpest, a disease of cattle, spread rapidly across Africa. [229] By 1892, 95 per cent of the cattle in East Africa had died.
Zoonoses can be caused by a range of disease pathogens such as emergent viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites; of 1,415 pathogens known to infect humans, 61% were zoonotic. [11] Most human diseases originated in non-humans; however, only diseases that routinely involve non-human to human transmission, such as rabies, are considered direct ...
The history of malaria extends from its prehistoric origin as a zoonotic disease in the primates of Africa through to the 21st century. A widespread and potentially lethal human infectious disease, at its peak malaria infested every continent except Antarctica. [1]
Map with the main travels of the Age of Discovery (began in 15th century). In Europe during the age of exploration, diseases such as smallpox, measles and tuberculosis (TB) had already been introduced centuries before through trade with Asia and Africa. People had developed some antibodies to these and other diseases from the Eurasian continent.