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Starvation response. Starvation response in animals (including humans) is a set of adaptive biochemical and physiological changes, triggered by lack of food or extreme weight loss, in which the body seeks to conserve energy by reducing metabolic rate and/or non-resting energy expenditure to prolong survival and preserve body fat and lean mass.
The Warburg hypothesis (/ ˈvɑːrbʊərɡ /), sometimes known as the Warburg theory of cancer, postulates that the driver of tumorigenesis is an insufficient cellular respiration caused by insult to mitochondria. [1] The term Warburg effect in oncology describes the observation that cancer cells, and many cells grown in vitro, exhibit glucose ...
Warburg effect (oncology) In oncology, the Warburg effect (/ ˈvɑːrbʊərɡ /) is the observation that most cancer use aerobic glycolysis for energy generation rather than the mechanisms used by non-cancerous cells. [1] This observation was first published by Otto Heinrich Warburg, [2] who was awarded the 1931 Nobel Prize in Physiology for ...
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Starvation is a severe deficiency in caloric energy intake, below the level needed to maintain an organism's life. It is the most extreme form of malnutrition. In humans, prolonged starvation can cause permanent organ damage [1] and eventually, death. The term inanition[2] refers to the symptoms and effects of starvation.
Cancer cell. Cancer cells are cells that divide continually, forming solid tumors or flooding the blood or lymph with abnormal cells. Cell division is a normal process used by the body for growth and repair. A parent cell divides to form two daughter cells, and these daughter cells are used to build new tissue or to replace cells that have died ...
Autophagy (or autophagocytosis; from the Greek αὐτόφαγος, autóphagos, meaning "self-devouring" [1] and κύτος, kýtos, meaning "hollow") [2] is the natural, conserved degradation of the cell that removes unnecessary or dysfunctional components through a lysosome-dependent regulated mechanism. [3] It allows the orderly degradation ...
Dormancy is a stage in cancer progression where the cells cease dividing but survive in a quiescent state while waiting for appropriate environmental conditions to begin proliferation again. [1] Quiescence is the state where cells are not dividing but at arrest in the cell cycle in G0-G1. [1] Dormant cancer cells are thought to be present in ...