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Inhaled nitric oxide is a gas that is inhaled. [1] It was initially described in 1987 as an "endothelial-derived relaxing factor" and has since been used to treat pulmonary disorders. [3] It works by relaxing smooth muscle to widen (dilate) blood vessels, especially in the lungs. [1] Inhaled nitric oxide selects only pulmonary smooth muscles.
Until the 1980s, nitric oxide, a product of fossil fuel combustion, was thought only to play a role the detrimental effects of air pollution on the respiratory tract. [17] In 1987, experiments with coronary arteries showed that nitric oxide was the long sought endothelium-derived relaxing factor.
Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), also known as neonatal aspiration of meconium, is a medical condition affecting newborn infants. It describes the spectrum of disorders and pathophysiology of newborns born in meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) and have meconium within their lungs. Therefore, MAS has a wide range of severity depending on ...
Biological functions of nitric oxide are roles that nitric oxide plays within biology. Nitric oxide (nitrogen monoxide) is a molecule and chemical compound with chemical formula of N O . In mammals including humans, nitric oxide is a signaling molecule involved in several physiological and pathological processes. [ 1 ]
A neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), also known as an intensive care nursery (ICN), is an intensive care unit (ICU) specializing in the care of ill or premature newborn infants. The NICU is divided into several areas, including a critical care area for babies who require close monitoring and intervention, an intermediate care area for infants ...
Nitrous oxide (N 2 O), commonly referred to as laughing gas, along with various street names, is an inert gas which can induce euphoria, dissociation, hallucinogenic states of mind, and relaxation when inhaled. [1] Nitrous oxide has no acute biochemical or cellular toxicity and is not metabolized in humans or other mammals.
RNS are produced in animals starting with the reaction of nitric oxide (•NO) with superoxide (O 2 •−) to form peroxynitrite (ONOO −): [4] [5] •NO (nitric oxide) + O 2 •− (superoxide) → ONOO − (peroxynitrite) Superoxide anion (O 2 −) is a reactive oxygen species that reacts quickly with nitric oxide (NO) in the vasculature ...
Minimum alveolar concentration or MAC is the concentration, often expressed as a percentage by volume, of a vapour in the alveoli of the lungs that is needed to prevent movement (motor response) in 50% of subjects in response to surgical (pain) stimulus.