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Buddhist ethics emerged as an academic discipline in 1992, with the publication of Damien Keown's book The Nature of Buddhist Ethics. His subsequent co-founding of the Journal of Buddhist Ethics in 1994 further solidified the birth of a new field in the discipline of Buddhist studies. Prior to Keown's book, only a handful of books and articles ...
Negative utilitarianism is a form of negative consequentialism that can be described as the view that people should minimize the total amount of aggregate suffering, or that they should minimize suffering and then, secondarily, maximize the total amount of happiness.
The foundation of Buddhist ethics for laypeople is The Five Precepts which are common to all Buddhist schools. The precepts or "five moral virtues" ( pañca-silani ) are not commands but a set of voluntary commitments or guidelines, [ 23 ] to help one live a life in which one is happy, without worries, and able to meditate well.
Keown has published research examining Buddhism and the ethics of suicide, [3] the issue of brain death as it relates to organ donation, [4] and the ethical relationship between Buddhism and ecology. [5] Keown's published works include The Nature of Buddhist Ethics (1992) and Buddhism & Bioethics (1995).
Utilitarianism is an 1861 essay written by English philosopher and economist John Stuart Mill, considered to be a classic exposition and defense of utilitarianism in ethics. It was originally published as a series of three separate articles in Fraser's Magazine in 1861 before it was collected and reprinted as a single work in 1863. [ 1 ]
Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek (born 7 August 1975) is a Polish utilitarian philosopher and a university professor at the Institute of Philosophy at University of Łódź. [1]She has also taught at a summer seminar on utilitarian ethics at the European Graduate School and Spring School for PhD students at the Dutch Research School of Philosophy. [2]
Later studies have yielded the above four approaches to ethics in different schools of Hinduism, tied together with three common themes: [12] [26] [27] (1) ethics is an essential part of dharma concept, [28] [29] (2) Ahimsa (non-violence) is the foundational premise without which – suggests Hinduism – ethics and any consistent ethical ...
Jayatilleke is best known as the author of the book Early Buddhist Theory of Knowledge, Perhaps the Greatest Book written by a Sri Lankan in the 20th Century [2] a work that has been described as a "masterpiece", [3] and as "an outstanding contribution to the history of Indian philosophy".