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Phytic acid (deprotonated phytate anion in the picture) is an antinutrient that interferes with the absorption of minerals from the diet. Antinutrients are natural or synthetic compounds that interfere with the absorption of nutrients. [1] Nutrition studies focus on antinutrients commonly found in food sources and beverages.
Phytic acid is a six-fold dihydrogenphosphate ester of inositol (specifically, of the myo isomer), also called inositol hexaphosphate, inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) or inositol polyphosphate. At physiological pH, the phosphates are partially ionized, resulting in the phytate anion .
Inositol hexaphosphate, also called phytic acid or IP6, is a phytochemical and the principal storage form of phosphorus in many plant tissues, especially bran and seed. [13] Phosphorus and inositol in phytate form are not generally bioavailable to non- ruminant animals because these animals lack the digestive enzyme phytase required to remove ...
While phytic acid may have nutritive effects, and even anti-cancer effects, most of this misses the point of those who charge phytic acid is an anti-nutrient. While anti-cancer properties are important, the Weston Price Foundation points to low rates of cancer among primitive diets who fermented and soaked their grains.
Phytic acid, in contrast, is not membrane-permeant due to its charge distribution. [1] Rodent studies in vivo demonstrated increased tissue oxygenation and dose-dependent increases in endurance during physical exercise, in both healthy mice and transgenic mice expressing a heart failure phenotype. [1]
Mineral deficiencies from phytic acid may only be relevant for individuals in third world countries with extremely limited diets. People accustomed to a diet high in phytic acid can break down nearly 90% of it —apparently due to promoting gut bacteria that break it down. Furthermore, there are documented benefits to phytic acid.
Phytic acid is also known to bond with many different minerals, and by doing so prevents those minerals from being absorbed; making phytic acid an anti-nutrient. [9] There is a lot of concern with phytic acids in nuts and seeds because of its anti-nutrient characteristics.
Phytic acid is the principal storage forms of phosphorus in plant seeds and the major source of phosphorus in the grain-based diets used in intensive livestock operations. The organic phosphate found in phytic acid is largely unavailable to the animals that consume it, but the inorganic phosphate that phytases release can be easily absorbed.