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Veterinarians use dexmedetomidine for similar purposes in treating cats, dogs, and horses. [10] [11] It is also used in humans to treat acute agitation associated with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. [5] It is administered as an injection or intravenous solution or as a buccal or sublingual film. [1]
The minimum lethal dose in dogs is over 5 mg/m 2; dogs have tolerated getting ten times the standard dose. [9] [33] Signs of overdose include panting, trembling, vomiting, and diarrhea, as well as increased blood levels of creatine kinase, aspartate transaminase, and alanine transaminase. Dogs who received atipamezole without first receiving ...
Treatment of worm infections is mostly limited to cats kept in human care. Most infections are rather harmless for cats, since a pathogen-host balance is established when the immune system is intact. However, because some of them can cause health disorders and some also pose a potential danger to humans, regular deworming for cats in the human ...
Medetomidine is a racemic mixture of two optical or stereoisomers, levomedetomidine and dexmedetomidine. [4] The latter causes the alpha 2- adrenergic agonist effects. [5] It is often used as the hydrochloride salt, medetomidine hydrochloride, a crystalline white solid that can be administered as an intravenous drug solution with sterile water.
Acepromazine, acetopromazine, or acetylpromazine (commonly known as ACP, Ace, or by the trade names Atravet or Acezine 2, number depending on mg/ml dose) is a phenothiazine derivative antipsychotic drug. It was used in humans during the 1950s as an antipsychotic, [4] but is now almost exclusively used on animals as a sedative and antiemetic.
Some patients request to be switched to a different narcotic due to stigma associated with a particular drug (e.g. a patient refusing methadone due to its association with opioid addiction treatment). [4] Equianalgesic charts are also used when calculating an equivalent dosage of the same drug, but with a different route of administration.
Alfaxalone is used as an induction agent, an injectable anesthetic, and a sedative in animals. [5] While it is commonly used in cats and dogs, it has also been successfully used in rabbits, [6] horses, sheep, pigs, and exotics such as red-eared turtles, axolotl, green iguanas, marmosets, [7] and koi fish. [8]
Moxidectin was approved for onchocerciasis (river-blindness) in 2018 for people over the age of 11 in the United States based on two studies. [5] There is a need for additional trials, with long-term follow-up, to assess whether moxidectin is safe and effective for treatment of nematode infection in children and women of childbearing potential. [6]