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James Raymond Hurford, FBA (born 16 July 1941) is a retired linguist and academic. [1]He was the General Editor of the book series Oxford Studies in the Evolution of Language, [2] as well as a member of the Centre for Language Evolution (formerly Language Evolution and Computation) research group at the University of Edinburgh where he is an emeritus professor.
The concept was first identified by British linguist James Hurford. [1] The sentence "Mary is in the Netherlands or she is in Amsterdam" is an example of a Hurford disjunction since one cannot be in Amsterdam without being in the Netherlands. Other examples are shown below: [2] [3] #Tamina saw a Beatle or Paul McCartney.
[10] [11] [12] Logical metonymies are sentences like John began the book, where the verb to begin requires (subcategorizes) an event as its argument, but in a logical metonymy an object (i.e. the book) is found instead, and this forces to interpret the sentence by inferring an implicit event ("reading", "writing", or other prototypical actions ...
[11] [12] Heteronyms (literally "different name") are the subset of homographs (words that share the same spelling) that have different pronunciations (and meanings). [ note 3 ] Such words include desert (to abandon) and desert (arid region); tear (to rip) and tear (a drop of moisture formed in one eye); row (to argue or an argument) and row ...
In semantics, pragmatics, and philosophy of language, a question under discussion (QUD) is a question which the interlocutors in a discourse are attempting to answer. In many formal and computational theories of discourse, the QUD (or an ordered set of QUD's) is among the elements of a tuple called the conversational scoreboard which represents the current state of the conversation.
Semantics studies the rule systems that determine expressions' meanings. Within generative grammar, semantics is a species of formal semantics, providing compositional models of how the denotations of sentences are computed on the basis of the meanings of the individual morphemes and their syntactic structure. [33]
Lexical semantics (also known as lexicosemantics), as a subfield of linguistic semantics, is the study of word meanings. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It includes the study of how words structure their meaning, how they act in grammar and compositionality , [ 1 ] and the relationships between the distinct senses and uses of a word.
"A brief history of the syntax-semantics interface in Western formal linguistics" (PDF). Semantics-Syntax Interface. 1 (1): 1– 20. [dead link ] Pinker, S. (1989) Learnability and cognition: The acquisition of argument structure. New edition in 2013: Learnability and Cognition, new edition: The Acquisition of Argument Structure. MIT press.