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The downsizing of the US military after World War II, without proper regard to future threats, left America's forces ill-trained and poorly manned and equipped for the Korean War. Following World War II, US Army end strength dropped from 8 million in the spring of 1945 to 684,000 by 1 July 1947, a reduction of 89 divisions to 12.
For instance, the million-men-strong Union Army of 1865 dwindled to just 57,000 in a year and to less than 30,000 in another five years. This pattern continued even after the Second World War when the United States had taken on the responsibilities of a superpower. The US Army had more than eight million officers and soldiers on V-J Day in 1945.
By 1960, however, college enrollments had expanded to 3.6 million. By 1970, 7.5 million students were attending colleges in the United States, or 40 percent of college-age youths. [7] The act, therefore, was designed to fulfill two purposes. First, it was designed to provide the country with specific defense oriented personnel.
Title 10 of the United States Code outlines the role of United States Armed Forces. [1] It provides the legal basis for the roles, missions and organization of each of the services as well as the United States Department of Defense. Each of the five subtitles deals with a separate aspect or component of the armed services.
The Officer Education System (OES) is the progressive and sequential education and training process for officers in the United States Army that begins in the pre-commissioning phase and continues in schools through the basic entry level, advanced level, intermediate command and staff level, and senior level. The OES offers the following ...
The Army of the United States is one of the four major service components of the United States Army (the others being the Regular Army, the United States Army Reserve and the Army National Guard of the United States), [1] but it has been inactive since the suspension of the draft in 1973 and the U.S. military's transition to a volunteer force. [2]
The United States Army (USA) is the primary land service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is designated as the Army of the United States in the United States Constitution . [ 14 ] It is one of the six armed forces and one of the eight Uniformed services of the United States .
The Army Specialized Training Program (ASTP) was a military training program instituted by the United States Army during World War II to meet wartime demands both for junior officers and soldiers with technical skills. Conducted at 227 American universities, it offered training in such fields as engineering, foreign languages, and medicine.