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The code rate of a convolutional code is commonly modified via symbol puncturing. For example, a convolutional code with a 'mother' code rate / = / may be punctured to a higher rate of, for example, / simply by not transmitting a portion of code symbols. The performance of a punctured convolutional code generally scales well with the amount of ...
A Viterbi decoder uses the Viterbi algorithm for decoding a bitstream that has been encoded using a convolutional code or trellis code. There are other algorithms for decoding a convolutionally encoded stream (for example, the Fano algorithm). The Viterbi algorithm is the most resource-consuming, but it does the maximum likelihood decoding. It ...
For example, in statistical parsing a dynamic programming algorithm can be used to discover the single most likely context-free derivation (parse) of a string, which is commonly called the "Viterbi parse". [4] [5] [6] Another application is in target tracking, where the track is computed that assigns a maximum likelihood to a sequence of ...
Q# works in conjunction with classical languages such as C#, Python and F#, and is designed to allow the use of traditional programming concepts in quantum computing, including functions with variables and branches as well as a syntax-highlighted development environment with a quantum debugger. [1] [5] [6]
Fig 1 is an example of a SCCC. Fig. 1. SCCC Encoder. The example encoder is composed of a 16-state outer convolutional code and a 2-state inner convolutional code linked by an interleaver. The natural code rate of the configuration shown is 1/4, however, the inner and/or outer codes may be punctured to achieve higher code rates as needed.
So we generally find the output of the system convolutional encoder, which is the convolution of the input bit, against the states of the convolution encoder, registers. Fundamentally, convolutional codes do not offer more protection against noise than an equivalent block code.
An example of a convolutional interleaver An example of a deinterleaver Efficiency of cross interleaver ( γ {\displaystyle \gamma } ): It is found by taking the ratio of burst length where decoder may fail to the interleaver memory.
For example, when = and =, Eq.3 equals , whereas direct evaluation of Eq.1 would require up to complex multiplications per output sample, the worst case being when both and are complex-valued. Also note that for any given M , {\displaystyle M,} Eq.3 has a minimum with respect to N . {\displaystyle N.} Figure 2 is a graph of the values of N ...