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Open pit amber mine in Kaliningrad, showing the lithology of the Prussian Formation, the source rock of Baltic amber. In situ Baltic amber is derived from the sediments of the geological formation termed the Prussian Formation, formerly called the "Amber Formation", with the main amber bearing horizon being referred to as "Blue Earth", so named due to its glauconite content.
The Prussian Formation, previously known as the Amber Formation, is a geologic formation in Prussia, today mostly Kaliningrad Oblast that dates to the Eocene. [1] It holds 90% of the world's amber supply and Baltic amber is found exclusively in the Prussian Formation. [2] The Prussian Formation is equivalent to the Obukhov Formation of Ukraine ...
Small amounts of Baltic amber can even be found outside the Baltic region, for example on the coastline of the south east of England. [2] However, about 90% [3] [4] to 98% [2] of all output of amber has been produced in the Sambia region (now a Russian exclave, formerly in Eastern Prussia and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth). [2]
Rovno amber, occasionally called Ukrainian amber, [1] is amber found in the Rivne Oblast and surrounding regions of Ukraine and Belarus. The amber is dated between Late Eocene and Early Oligocene, and suggested to be contemporaneous to Baltic amber (Prussian Formation). Major exploration and mining of the amber did not start until the 1990s.
The Amber Road (east route), as hypothesized by Polish historian Jerzy Wielowiejski, Główny szlak bursztynowy w czasach Cesarstwa Rzymskiego (Main Route of the Amber Road of the Roman Empire), 1980 The route from the Baltic Sea. The Amber Road was an ancient trade route for the transfer of amber from coastal areas of the North Sea and the ...
When described Pachycondyla succinea was known only from three queen fossils which were fossilized as inclusions in transparent chunks of Baltic amber [1] [2] which are now presumed lost. [3] Additional queens have since been found in Baltic, Rovno, and Scandinavian amber. [1] Males were later identified from Baltic and Bitterfeld ambers. [3] [4]
The amber is thought to originate Eocene epoch, around the same time as Baltic amber. Like Baltic amber, the amber is renowned for its fossil inclusions such as those of arachnids and insects. The amber is found deposited in sands and silts of the Cottbus Formation, which is thought to be of late Oligocene age, considerably younger than the ...
The museum has unique pieces of the Baltic gem (a 4-kilogram 280g sampler, the largest in the Amber Museum collection), as well as more than two thousand pieces of art from it. The museum is the only owner of fragments of the decor of the Amber Room , restored by artists G. Khozatsky, V. Ertsev, V. Vorobyov, A. Zhuravlev, A. Vanin, M. Ertseva ...