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  2. Unit vector - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_vector

    A unit vector is often denoted by a lowercase letter with a circumflex, or "hat", as in ^ (pronounced "v-hat"). The normalized vector û of a non-zero vector u is the unit vector in the direction of u, i.e., ^ = ‖ ‖ where ‖u‖ is the norm (or length) of u. [1] [2] The term normalized vector is sometimes used as a synonym for unit vector.

  3. Unit cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_cell

    A primitive cell is a unit cell that contains exactly one lattice point. For unit cells generally, lattice points that are shared by n cells are counted as ⁠ 1 / n ⁠ of the lattice points contained in each of those cells; so for example a primitive unit cell in three dimensions which has lattice points only at its eight vertices is considered to contain ⁠ 1 / 8 ⁠ of each of them. [3]

  4. Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantities,_Units_and...

    Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry, also known as the Green Book, is a compilation of terms and symbols widely used in the field of physical chemistry. It also includes a table of physical constants , tables listing the properties of elementary particles , chemical elements , and nuclides , and information about conversion ...

  5. List of physical quantities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_physical_quantities

    Moved distance per unit time: the first time derivative of position m/s L T −1: vector Wavevector: k →: Repetency or spatial frequency vector: the number of cycles per unit distance m −1: L −1: vector Weight: w: Gravitational force on an object newton (N = kg⋅m/s 2) L M T −2: vector

  6. Crystal structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_structure

    The unit cell is defined as the smallest repeating unit having the full symmetry of the crystal structure. [2] The geometry of the unit cell is defined as a parallelepiped , providing six lattice parameters taken as the lengths of the cell edges ( a , b , c ) and the angles between them (α, β, γ).

  7. Vector notation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_notation

    In mathematics and physics, vector notation is a commonly used notation for representing vectors, [1] [2] which may be Euclidean vectors, or more generally, members of a vector space. For denoting a vector, the common typographic convention is lower case, upright boldface type, as in v .

  8. Orthonormality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthonormality

    A unit vector means that the vector has a length of 1, which is also known as normalized. Orthogonal means that the vectors are all perpendicular to each other. A set of vectors form an orthonormal set if all vectors in the set are mutually orthogonal and all of unit length.

  9. Superstructure (condensed matter) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superstructure_(condensed...

    This pattern or repeat motif may span multiple unit cells. The cause of this phenomenon is the small changes in chemical bonding that favor formations of semi-regular and larger clusters of atoms. Although having the undistorted substructure, these materials are typically 'unsaturated' in the sense that one of the bands in the band structure is ...